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Purpose: to consider the process of formation of the Old Russian state, to characterize the management system, as well as the domestic and foreign policy of the first princes The first Kyiv princes
Lesson plan: 1. The activities of Prince Oleg 2. The reign of Prince Igor 3. Princess Olga the Wise (Saint) 4. Campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav
Maintaining trade relations with other states and protecting trade routes from opponents The main goals of the first Kyiv princes: - unification of all East Slavic tribes under the rule of the Kyiv prince;
Prince Oleg the Prophetic (882–912)
Unification of the Eastern Slavs Overlaid with tribute to the Novgorod Slovenes and Krivichi; undertook campaigns against the Drevlyans, northerners, Radimichi. Collided with Khazaria
Campaigns against Byzantium in 907 - a trade agreement that contained favorable conditions for Russian merchants; 911 - the first written contract
What was the significance of the activities of Prince Oleg for the Old Russian state? What changes in the position of princely power occurred during his reign?
Prince Igor Stary (912-945) 1. He returned the Drevlyans to the rule of Kyiv 2. He prevented the danger from the Pechenegs 3. He made campaigns against Byzantium in 941 and 944. 4. In 945 he died in a clash with the Drevlyans
Princess Olga (945 - 957) 1. Olga's revenge on the Drevlyans for the death of her husband
Princess Olga the Wise 2. The first reform. Changed the collection system. Introduced graveyards - places of tribute collection and lessons - the exact amount of tribute
Princess Olga Saint 957 - baptism of Princess Olga in Constantinople in the church of Hagia Sophia Name in Orthodoxy - Elena
1. Why did popular rumor call Princess Olga Wise and Holy? 2. What changes did Princess Olga make to the administration of the Old Russian state?
Prince Svyatoslav Igorevich (957 - 972) A blue-eyed strong man of medium height, unusually broad at the shoulders, with a powerful neck. He shaved his head, leaving only a strand of hair on his forehead, and wore in one ear an earring made of two pearls and a ruby ...
Alexander the Great of Eastern Europe Gloomy and ferocious, he despised any comfort, slept in the open air and put a saddle under his head instead of a pillow ... "I'm going to you"
1. Attached the last East Slavic union - the Vyatichi 2. Devastated the lands of the Volga Bulgars 3. 965-969 - defeated the main Khazar cities - Itil, Semender and Sarkel 4. Formed the Russian Tmutarakan principality on the Taman Peninsula
Campaigns on the Danube in 967 - the war with Bulgaria. Pereyaslavets became the residence of Svyatoslav 969 - the second campaign on the Danube 970-971 - Russian-Byzantine war
1. How did Svyatoslav's reign differ from the activities of other princes? 2. What was common in the activities of the first Russian princes?
Check yourself: Establish the chronological sequence of the reign of the first Russian princes A) Igor B) Svyatoslav C) Olga D) Oleg
2. Establish a correspondence between the names of the princes and the reign of 1. Oleg a) 912 - 945. 2. Igor b) 882 - 912 3. Olga c) 957 - 972 4. Svyatoslav d) 945 - 957
3. The uprising of the Drevlyans in 945 was caused by A) tribal strife between the Drevlyans and Vyatichi B) an attempt by Prince Igor to take tribute from the Drevlyans a second time C) the unwillingness of the Drevlyans to take part in the campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav
4. Indicate the name of the prince who always warned his opponent about the offensive with the phrase "I'm going to you" A) Igor B) Oleg C) Rurik D) Svyatoslav
5. Indicate the name of the prince whose shield was nailed to the gates of Constantinople A) Igor B) Oleg C) Rurik D) Svyatoslav
Correct answers D, A, C, B 1B, 2A, 3D, 4C B D B
Homework § 4, questions, learn new definitions
GOOD FELLOWS! THANK YOU FOR THE LESSON
The first Kyiv princes
lesson on the history of Russia in the 6th grade
Prepared -
Fomina Elena Vasilievna,
teacher of history and social studies
GBOU of Sevastopol "Secondary School No. 57 with the implementation of additional programs in the field of arts"
The first Kyiv princes
- Oleg (879-912)
- Igor (912-945)
- Olga (945-964)
- Svyatoslav (964-972)
The main historical source Tale of Bygone Years
AT 907 2 thousand ships and 80 thousand soldiers went on a campaign against Tsargrad. The boats on wheels crossed the isthmus and ended up in the inner roadstead of the Golden Horn Bay. The Greeks asked for peace. Oleg nailed the shield to the gates of the city.
In 945, Prince Igor was collecting polyudya in the land of the Drevlyans, who killed him and the combatants of his detachment. Grand Duchess Olga avenged her husband: - killed ambassadors from noble Drevlyans, - burned their city Iskorosten.
Princess Olga (945-964) carried out the first state reform: she established the exact amount of tribute - lessons and places for its collection - graveyards.
In 957, Olga and her retinue went to Constantinople, where she converted to Christianity.
During two campaigns against the Khazar Khaganate (965-969), Svyatoslav's troops defeated the main Khazar cities - Itil, Semender, Sarkel. The Russian principality of Tmutarakan was founded on Taman. The Russian prince, who invaded Bulgaria in 968 and founded his capital in the city of Pereyaslavets, acted in alliance with the Byzantine emperor Nikephoros Phocas, who was killed by John Tzimiskes (969-976), having seized the throne in 969. Pechenegs attacked Kyiv. Returning to his hometown, the prince defeated them.
When Princess Olga died, Svyatoslav distributed the land among his sons. He left Yaropolk in Kyiv, gave Novgorod to Vladimir, sent Oleg to the Drevlyans.
Nikifor
Fock
In the spring of 971, Tzimiskes led the best troops against Svyatoslav. The Russians were besieged in the city of Dorostol. After a heavy siege, the Greeks agreed to let the Russians go home (they paid tribute).
On the way to Kyiv, the Russian army, weakened by wintering, was attacked by the Pechenegs. Prince Svyatoslav was killed..
Lesson plan
- Lesson plan:
- 1. Activities of Prince Oleg
- 2. The reign of Prince Igor
- 3. Princess Olga the Wise (Saint)
- 4. Campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav
The main goals of the activities of the first Kyiv princes:
- - unification of all East Slavic tribes under the rule of the Kyiv prince
- - maintaining trade relations with other states and protecting trade routes from opponents
Unification of the Eastern Slavs
Overlaid tribute to the Novgorod Slovenes and Krivichi; undertook campaigns against the Drevlyans, northerners, Radimichi. Collided with Khazaria
Campaigns to Byzantium
907 - a trade agreement that contained favorable conditions for Russian merchants;
911 - the first written contract
- What was the significance of the activities of Prince Oleg for the Old Russian state?
- What changes in the position of princely power occurred during his reign?
Prince Igor Stary (912-945)
- He returned the Drevlyans to the rule of Kyiv
- Prevented the danger from the Pechenegs
- He made campaigns against Byzantium in 941 and 944.
- In 945 he died in a clash with the Drevlyans
Princess Olga (945 - 957)
- Olga's revenge on the Drevlyans for the death of her husband
- First reform. Changed the collection system. Introduced graveyards - places of tribute collection and lessons - the exact amount of tribute
- 957 - baptism of Princess Olga in Constantinople in the church of Hagia Sophia Name in Orthodoxy - Elena
- 1. Why did popular rumor call Princess Olga Wise and Holy?
- 2. What changes did Princess Olga make to the administration of the Old Russian state?
Prince Svyatoslav Igorevich (957 - 972)
- Annexed the last East Slavic union - the Vyatichi
- 2. Ruined the lands of the Volga Bulgars
- 3. 965-969 - defeated the main Khazar cities - Itil, Semender and Sarkel
- 4. On the Taman Peninsula, he formed the Russian Principality of Tmutarakan
- 967 - war with Bulgaria. Pereyaslavets became the residence of Svyatoslav
- 969 - the second campaign on the Danube
- 970-971 - Russo-Byzantine war
- 1. How did Svyatoslav's reign differ from the activities of other princes?
- 2. What was common in the activities of the first Russian princes?
check yourself
- In what year did the formation of the Old Russian state take place?
- 1. 862
- 2. 988
- 3. 882
- 4. 990
check yourself
The uprising of the Drevlyans in 945 was caused
A) tribal strife of the Drevlyans and Vyatichi
B) an attempt by Prince Igor to take tribute from the Drevlyans for the second time
C) the reluctance of the Drevlyans to take part in the campaigns of Prince Svyatoslav
check yourself
- What name did Princess Olga take at baptism?
- 1. Tatiana
- 2. Maria
- 3. Elena
check yourself
- Indicate the name of the prince, who always warned his opponent about the offensive with the phrase "I'm going to you"
- A) Igor
- B) Oleg
- B) Rurik
- D) Svyatoslav
- Work done: history teacher
- MAOU "Kurovskaya Gymnasium", Kurovskoe
- Panina T.S.
- Sources used:
- www.spheres.ru
slide 1
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Prince Igor Igor Rurikovich (Igor Stary, c. 878 - 945) - the Grand Duke of Kievan Rus (912-945), according to the annals - the son of Rurik. The first Russian prince, known not only from Byzantine, but also from Western European sources.
slide 4
Battle of Prince Igor with the Byzantines in 941. Igor organized a campaign that turned out unsuccessfully: it ended with the death of his fleet. In a naval battle, the Russian fleet was partially destroyed by Greek fire. After raids on Byzantine lands and a series of defeats, Igor returned home in September of the same year. In 944 He repeated the campaign, gathering a large army, which included not only the Slavs, but also the Pechenegs, Hungarians. However, the Greeks offered the Russians a large tribute so that they would not go to Constantinople. The warriors preferred to take tribute and not fight. In 945 A new treaty, unfavorable for Russia, was concluded with Byzantium.
slide 5
In the autumn of 945, at the request of the squad, dissatisfied with their content, Igor went to the Drevlyans for tribute. The Drevlyans were not included in the army that was defeated in Byzantium. Perhaps that is why Igor decided to improve the situation at their expense. Igor arbitrarily increased the amount of tribute from previous years, while collecting it, the combatants committed violence against the inhabitants.
slide 6
Highlights of the reign of Prince Igor In 941, he devastated the outskirts of Constantinople, but could not conquer the Byzantine Empire. In 945, he made peace with Byzantium. In the same year, he collected tribute from the Drevlyans and was killed by them.
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Slide 8
Princess Olga, baptized Elena († July 11, 969) - Grand Duchess, ruled Kievan Rus after the death of her husband, Prince Igor Rurikovich, as regent from 945 to about 960. Saint of the Russian Orthodox Church, the first of the Russian rulers converted to Christianity even before the Baptism of Russia. After the murder of Igor, the Drevlyans sent matchmakers to his widow Olga to call her to marry their prince Mal. The princess successively dealt with the elders of the Drevlyans, and then led the people of the Drevlyans to obedience.
Slide 9
Revenge on the Drevlyans The Old Russian chronicler details Olga's revenge for the death of her husband: 1st revenge of Princess Olga: Matchmakers, 20 Drevlyans, arrived in a boat, which the Kievans carried and threw into a deep pit in the courtyard of Olga's tower. The matchmakers-ambassadors were buried alive along with the boat. Olga looked at them from the tower and asked: “Are you satisfied with the honor?” And they screamed, “Oh! Worse for us than Igor's death. 2nd revenge: Olga asked, for respect, to send new ambassadors to her from the best husbands, which was readily done by the Drevlyans. An embassy of noble Drevlyans was burned in a bathhouse while they were washing, preparing for a meeting with the princess.
slide 10
3rd revenge: The princess, with a small retinue, came to the lands of the Drevlyans to, as usual, celebrate a feast at her husband's grave. Having drunk the Drevlyans during the feast, Olga ordered them to be cut down. The chronicle reports about 5 thousand killed Drevlyans. 4th revenge: In 946, Olga went on a campaign against the Drevlyans with an army. According to the PVL, after an unsuccessful siege during the summer, Olga burned the city with the help of birds, to which she ordered to tie incendiary means. Part of the defenders of Iskorosten were killed, the rest submitted.
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Highlights of the reign Although a number of historians do not single out Olga's reign, she deserved great praise for her wise deeds, because. worthily represented Russia in all external relations and skillfully ruled the country. She laid the foundations of the tax system in Russia. For the first time, she established a clear procedure for collecting tribute (polyudya through the introduction of lessons, churchyards). She led the defense of Kyiv in 968. From the Pechenegs. She was the first of the princes to accept Christianity (957). Her godfather was the emperor of Byzantium Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus. The people called her cunning, the church - a saint, history - wise.
slide 12
Svyatoslav Igorevich (942-March 972) - the Grand Duke of Kyiv (945-972), ruled independently from 964, according to other sources, from about 960. He became famous as a commander; Russian historian N. M. Karamzin called him "Alexander (Macedonian) of our ancient history." Formally, he became the Grand Duke at the age of 3 after the death in 945 of his father, Grand Duke Igor. Under Svyatoslav, the Kyiv state was largely ruled by his mother, Princess Olga, first because of Svyatoslav's infancy, and then because of his constant presence on campaigns.
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Campaigns of Svyatoslav (PVL) In the year 6472 (964). When Svyatoslav grew up and matured, he began to gather many brave warriors, and easily went on campaigns, like a pardus, and fought a lot. On campaigns, he did not carry carts or cauldrons with him, he did not cook meat, but, thinly slicing horse meat, or beast, or beef and roasting it on coals, he ate it like that; he did not have a tent, but he slept, spreading a sweatshirt with a saddle in his head - the same were all his other soldiers. And he sent to other lands with the words: “I want to go to you” [in the original chronicle - And sent to countries, saying: “I want to go to you”]. In the year 6479 (971). Having made peace with the Greeks, Svyatoslav went to the rapids in boats. And the governor of his father, Sveneld, said to him: “Go around, prince, the thresholds on horseback, for the Pechenegs are standing at the thresholds.” And he did not listen to him and went in the boats. And the Pereyaslavtsy sent to the Pechenegs to say: “Here Svyatoslav is going past you to Russia with a small squad, taking from the Greeks a lot of wealth and captives without number.” Hearing about this, the Pechenegs set foot on the thresholds. And Svyatoslav came to the rapids, and it was impossible to pass them. And he stopped to spend the winter in Beloberezhye, and they had no food, and they had a great famine, so they paid half a hryvnia for a horse's head, and here Svyatoslav wintered.
Early 12th century In the year 883. Oleg began to fight against the Drevlyans and, having conquered them, took tribute from them for the black marten. In the year 884, Oleg went to the northerners, and defeated them, and imposed a light tribute on them, did not allow them to pay tribute to the Khazars, saying this: "I am their enemy, and you have no need to pay." In the year 885. Oleg sent to the Radimichi, asking: “To whom do you give tribute?” They answered "Khazars". And Oleg told them: “Do not give to the Khazars, but pay me” ... And Oleg ruled over the glades, Drevlyans, and northerners, and Radimichi, and fought with the streets and Tivertsy ... In the year 907. Oleg went to the Greeks, leaving Igor in Kyiv ... . And he came to Tsargrad; the Greeks closed the city. And Oleg went ashore, and began to fight, and did many murders in the outskirts of the city to the Greeks, and they broke many chambers, and burned the churches. And those who were captured, some were cut off, others were tortured, others were shot, and some were thrown into the sea, and many other evils were done by the Russians to the Greeks, as enemies usually do. …. Oleg, having moved a little away from the capital, began negotiations for peace with the Greek kings Leon and Alexander ... with the words: "Pay tribute to me." And the Greeks said: “Whatever you want, we will give you” ... And Oleg returned to Kyiv, carrying gold, and curtains, and fruits, and wine, and all sorts of patterns.