Indications. Purulent osteoarthritis of the coffin joint, necrosis of the final part of the tendon of the deep flexor of the finger, caries of the coffin, navicular bones, purulent subtrochleitis. These diseases are the result of many complications in diseases of the hooves.
Fixation and anesthesia. The operation is performed on an animal fixed in a lateral recumbent position. The affected finger on the limb after the fall should be located on top, which greatly facilitates manipulation during surgery. To immobilize the animal, rompun, domosedan, chlorpromazine and other means, as well as conduction anesthesia are used. During operations on the fingers (exarticulation, amputation), many different methods of conduction anesthesia have been proposed. This is due to the variety of forms of the pathological process in the area of the fingers, the prescription of the process associated with the development of dense connective tissue and the spread of the inflammatory process to the surrounding tissues.
A relatively simple method is often used, when a 1% solution of novocaine at a dose of 80-100 ml is injected circularly into the middle third of the metacarpus or metatarsus, layer-by-layer infiltrating the skin and all underlying tissues to the bone. Particular attention is paid to bringing novocaine to the places of passage of the neurovascular bundles.
To obtain the desired effect of anesthesia, one of the following methods is also used.
The method of G. T. Shabrov. For the blockade, a 3% solution of novocaine is used, injecting it into four points, 10 ml each. The solution is injected into the area of the metacarpus (metatarsus) 5-7 cm below the carpal (tarsal) joint along the edges of the flexor and extensor tendons of the fingers. First, novocaine solution is injected along the lateral edge of the extensor tendon, and then along the medial. On the volar (palmar) surface, novocaine solution is also injected along the lateral and medial edges of the finger flexor tendons. The solution is injected to a depth of 1-2 cm under the fascia.
The method of N. S. Ostrovsky and E. G. Baitubaev. It is based on the introduction of small amounts of novocaine between two hemostatic tourniquets, which ensures a high density of the drug and its rapid reaching of the neurovascular bundles. To perform anesthesia, 3-5 cm above the level of the fetlock joint, two hemostatic tourniquets are applied at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from one another. First, the lower tourniquet is applied, and then the upper one. In the interval between the tourniquets at the injection sites, the hair is cut off, the skin is treated with a 5% alcohol solution of iodine.
Between the tourniquets at 3 points: in the middle of the lateral surface of the metacarpus (metatarsus) of the affected finger, and then in the middle of the dorsal and volar (plantar) surfaces, it is injected with 3 ml of a 2% solution of novocaine. After 5-8 minutes, complete anesthesia of the affected (operated) and partial anesthesia of the opposite finger occurs. For one anesthesia, 9-10 ml of a 2% solution of novocaine is consumed.
Squeezing and exsanguination of the blocked area between two hemostatic tourniquets, according to the authors, accelerates the loss of sensitivity and provides fast and reliable anesthesia of the affected finger.
If the methods of anesthesia described above can be successfully used for extensive chronic lesions of the finger area, then the methods proposed below are easily performed only with limited lesions in the distal part of the finger.
Regnery's method. The injection point is determined in the middle of the lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpus (metatarsus) 1.5-2 cm above the level of the rudimentary fingers. From this point, the needle is subcutaneously directed to the dorsal, and then to the volar surface and somewhat downward, while simultaneously injecting 40-50 ml of a 4% solution of novocaine on each side. A slightly larger part of the solution is injected at the base of the rudimentary finger and at the border with the dorsal surface. Additionally, it is recommended to introduce another 10 ml of anesthetic into the interdigital space to a depth of 1.5-2 cm from the dorsal and volar (palmar) surfaces.
W. Tsirnak's method. A needle prick is made between the rudimentary fingers strictly in the middle, directing the needle from top to bottom at an angle of 45 ° to a depth of 1.5 cm, 10-15 ml of a 3% solution of novocaine is injected. The second needle prick is determined in the middle of the dorsal surface of the affected finger, slightly below the fetlock joint, and another 10-15 ml of novocaine solution is injected subcutaneously.
Operation technique. After anesthesia and preparation of the surgical field, a hemostatic tourniquet is applied to the metacarpal (metatarsus) area and the third phalanx is disarticulated. A cut line is marked on the horn capsule, retreating 1 cm below the horn border in the toe and 3 cm below it in the heel of the hoof. The hoof is sawn along the intended line with a sheet or wire saw. Proximally from the cut line, the upper part of the coffin bone remains, which is removed after peeling off the base of the skin and dissecting the ligaments and tendons. The cartilage of the coronary and navicular bones is scraped. The wound is irrigated with disinfectant solutions and a bandage is applied.
When performing this operation, A.F. Burdenyuk recommends making a cut slightly below the indicated distances from the horn border and isolating the remains of the coffin bone through the wound. In this case, the keratogenic tissues of the corolla are preserved to a greater extent, which contributes to the subsequent formation of the horn capsule.
postoperative treatment. On top of the usual bandage with ointment, emulsion, a moderately pressing bandage is applied, which is impregnated on top with tar, grease, vaseline oil with turpentine. The dressing is changed after 3-5 days. The wound closes in 30-45 days. With the preservation of the border and the corolla, the hoof horn grows in 6-8 months, which reaches the level of a healthy sole.
Moisov Adonis Alexandrovich
Orthopedic surgeon, doctor of the highest category
Moscow, Balaklavsky prospect, 5, Chertanovskaya metro station
Moscow, st. Koktebelskaya 2, bldg. 1, metro station "Dmitry Donskoy Boulevard"
Moscow, st. Berzarina 17 bldg. 2, metro station "October field"
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Education and professional activities
Education:
In 2009 he graduated from the Yaroslavl State Medical Academy with a degree in general medicine.
From 2009 to 2011, he underwent clinical residency in traumatology and orthopedics at the Clinical Emergency Hospital named after. N.V. Solovyov in Yaroslavl.
Professional activity:
From 2011 to 2012, he worked as a traumatologist-orthopedist at the emergency hospital No. 2 in Rostov-on-Don.
Currently works in a clinic in Moscow.
Internships:
May 27 - 28, 2011 - Moscow- III International Conference "Surgery of the Foot and Ankle" .
2012 - training course in foot surgery, Paris (France). Correction of deformities of the forefoot, minimally invasive operations for plantar fasciitis (heel spur).
February 13-14, 2014 Moscow - II Congress of traumatologists and orthopedists. “Traumatology and orthopedics of the capital. Present and Future".
June 26-27, 2014 - took part in V All-Russian Congress of the Society of Hand Surgeons, Kazan .
November 2014 - Advanced training "Application of arthroscopy in traumatology and orthopedics"
May 14-15, 2015 Moscow - Scientific and practical conference with international participation. "Modern Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgeons".
2015 Moscow - Annual international conference.
May 23-24, 2016 Moscow - All-Russian Congress with international participation. .
Also at this congress he was a speaker on the topic Minimally invasive treatment of plantar fasciitis (heel spurs) .
June 2-3, 2016 Nizhny Novgorod - VI All-Russian Congress of the Society of Hand Surgeons .
June 2016 Assigned . Moscow.
Scientific and practical interests: foot surgery and hand surgery.
Fracture of the phalanx of the finger
Our fingers perform very delicate, coordinated movements and disruption of these movements can have a huge impact on daily and professional activities. To maintain the full function of the hand, it is very important that all finger fractures are evaluated by a doctor to determine the appropriate treatment. If you think that a broken finger is a minor injury, then you are seriously mistaken. Without proper finger fracture treatment hand can cause serious problems: restriction of finger flexion (contracture), pain with minor loads, reduced grip of the hand, whether it is a fracture of the nail or the main phalanx of the finger.
Anatomy of the bones of the hand
The human hand is formed by 27 bones:
- 8 bones of the wrist;
- 5 metacarpals;
- The 14 bones that make up the fingers are called phalanges. The first finger has only two phalanges: proximal and distal. Unlike the rest of the fingers, which consist of three phalanges: proximal, middle and distal.
Fractures of the metacarpal bones of the hand account for 30% of all hand fractures in adults.
Types of finger fracture
Because of
- Traumatic fractures are damage to the bone of the finger due to trauma.
- Pathological fracture - a fracture of the finger in the zone of pathological restructuring (affected by any disease - osteoporosis, tumor, osteomyelitis, etc.) Osteoporosis is the most common cause of a pathological fracture.
The nature
- Closed fractures (no skin damage)
Incomplete
Full
- Open fractures (with skin damage)
Primarily open
Reopened
By the presence of displacement:
- Fractures without displacement of fragments
- Displaced fractures.
Signs and symptoms of a broken finger
Signs of a broken finger include:
- Pain on palpation (touch);
- Swelling of the finger;
- Restriction of movements;
- Subcutaneous hemorrhage;
- Finger deformity;
Finger fractures can be associated with injuries such as:
Dislocation of the phalanx, damage to the tendons, damage to the ligaments. This can complicate treatment.
Diagnosis and treatment of a fracture of the phalanx of the finger
If you have symptoms of a fracture of the phalanx of the finger, you should contact the emergency room at the place of residence. Where, after examination, radiography will be performed in two projections of the damaged segment. The doctor must determine not only the location of the fracture, but also the type. The bone can be broken in several directions. A fracture of the phalanx can be transverse, in a spiral, into several fragments, or multi-comminuted, i.e. collapse completely.
Treatment for finger fractures depends on three main factors:
- First, is the joint affected?
- Second, "stable" or "unstable" fracture?
- Third, is the finger deformed?
If the fracture involves a joint (intra-articular fracture), it is important to make sure that the articular surface is not destroyed and the fragments have not separated, i.e. no offset. In this case, you can do without surgery.
Second, it is important to define a "stable" or "unstable" fracture. Fracture stability can be determined by x-ray. A fracture is considered unstable if the fragments are displaced, or the nature of the fracture is such that even after correct reposition (elimination of the displacement), the fragments can move over time and remain in a displaced position. The anatomy will naturally be disturbed, which can affect the function of the finger and hand.
The doctor must determine whether there is a shortening of the segment or whether the distal fragment is rotated (turned about its axis). The fingers on the injured hand should line up and look the same as on the healthy hand.
If the articular surfaces are destroyed or the fragments are displaced, if the fracture is unstable, if there is a deformity that needs to be corrected, then an operation is necessary to restore the normal anatomy of the hand and preserve function after the fusion of the finger fracture.
Conservative treatment
In case of a finger fracture without displacement, the following assistance is provided: the damaged segment of the hand is fixed with a plaster splint or polymer bandage, which is lighter and stronger than plaster.
Sometimes an adjacent finger is used as a splint, firmly fixing them together with a band-aid. This makes it possible to work with a brush, bend fingers without fear that bone fragments will move.
If, after reposition, the fragments have shifted, there is instability of the fracture, a multi-comminuted fracture or deformity cannot technically be eliminated, then an operation is necessary in this case. With the help of metal structures, fragments can be fixed in the correct position until the fracture is completely healed. If the fracture is displaced, the doctor should try to repair the displaced fragments without surgery. This is performed under local or conduction anesthesia. If the displacement is not eliminated, then there are indications for surgery. After the displacement is eliminated, the finger is fixed with a plaster splint or polymer bandage to prevent secondary displacement. Fractures of the phalanges grow together in 3-4 weeks. During these three weeks, control (repeated) radiographs are taken after 10 and 21 days to make sure that there is no secondary displacement in the cast. After that, the plaster is removed and the active development of the joints of the hand begins.
Surgery
Depending on the type and severity of the fracture of the phalanx of the finger, an operation may be required - osteosynthesis (osteo - bone, synthesis - create, restore), due to which anatomical restoration of damaged structures is achieved.
During the operation, open reposition of fragments (comparison of broken parts) and fixation with metal structures takes place. And for each fracture, an appropriate metal structure or a combination of them is selected:
- plate
- screws
- Spoke
The advantages of this method: simplicity and short manipulation time, no incision and, as a result, a postoperative scar.
Minuses: one end of the pin remains above the skin so that the pin can be removed after the fracture heals; the risk of infection of the wound and the penetration of infection into the fracture area; long-term wearing of a plaster cast for 1 month; the impossibility of early development of the joints of the hand, resulting in the risk of irreversible contracture (lack of movement in the joint) of the injured finger.
Osteosynthesis with plate and screws:
During the operation, access to the fracture site is performed, the fragments are compared and fixed with a plate and screws. The wound is sutured. A sterile dressing is applied. Dressings are performed every other day. The sutures are removed on the 12-14th day.
Advantages of this method: complete restoration of the anatomy of the phalanx; the possibility of early development of the joints of the hand; a plaster cast is applied for only 2 weeks.
Cons: as after any operation, a small scar remains.
When deforming the fingers with fractures in the article Dupuytren's contracture.
Do not self-medicate!
Only a doctor can make a diagnosis and prescribe the right treatment. If you have any questions, you can call orask a question on .
Any (index, middle, ring, little finger, thumb) finger is considered by palmistry as a source of information. There are also lines on the fingers that help to learn as much as possible about the character and fate of a person. Please note that any sign (be it a mole, an intricate line, a cross, a white spot on a nail, etc.) is extremely important for compiling a complete picture.
Thumb - palmistry
First of all, evaluate the size of your thumb. The larger it is, the more likely that a person has achieved or will achieve great success in his career. He does not know what fear is, he is very proud, loves power, stubborn. It is far from always easy to communicate with such people, since they rarely pay attention to the feelings of others.
short and thick- in front of you is a strong, practical person who is not used to flying in the clouds, is guided by common sense, defends his point of view and always confidently stands his ground. Unfortunately, quite often these individuals are unable to control their negative emotions.
Long and thin the thumb of the hand indicates that its owner is a sensual, refined nature. Often such people are endowed with a unique gift, talent.
small and weak- his master is always balanced, patient, does not like quarrels, always happy to make concessions.
Lines and other signs on the thumb - Indian palmistry
1 phalanx
- Vertical lines - the individual is full of energy, strong-willed, strong.
- Lattices - not able to self-actualize, weak-willed.
- Crosses are stubborn, hard to make contact.
- Horizontal lines - not self-confident, dissatisfied with life.
2 phalanges
- Vertical lines - has common sense, thinks logically.
- Lattice - unable to adequately assess the situation, a liar.
- Crosses - perceives his actions and words distortedly.
- Horizontal stripes - inability to reason sensibly.
3 phalanges
- Vertical lines - love life, family, enjoys existence.
- Lattice - passionate, easily addicted.
- Crosses - subject to emotional obsession.
- Horizontal stripes - stress, subject to moral violence.
What can the index finger say?
Palmists call the index finger the "finger of Jupiter." It is associated with cruelty, will, power, pride.
If the length of the finger is equal to the length of the ring finger, then the client in front of you is proud, self-confident, but fair. He has a developed sense of proportion and he never cuts off the shoulder.
If the index finger is longer than the ring finger, then the person is very strong-willed. He will always achieve his goal, even if he has to “walk over corpses” in order to achieve his goal.
The short index finger indicates that in his youth this man was very modest. With age, he becomes more confident in himself, but still avoids any conflict. Such people are often loved for their complaisant nature.
If the second phalanx is slightly curved towards the middle finger, then the person is selfish, often feels sorry for himself.
Deciphering signs in palmistry of fingers
1 phalanx
- Vertical lines - a born leader, the desire for spiritual development.
- Bars - solitude (in various senses, can be regarded as imprisonment, the life of a hermit, creative isolation).
- Crosses - a person is far from worldly problems (isolation from reality).
- Horizontal lines - a stressful state, moral dissatisfaction.
2 phalanges
- Vertical stripes - in their actions guided by morality.
- Grids - does not understand himself, engages in self-deception.
- Crosses is a liar, manipulates society, an envious person.
- Horizontal lines - constant stress, violation of the canons.
3 phalanges
- Vertical stripes - inspires confidence, can control people.
- Lattices - a tendency to tyranny.
- Crosses - does not consider the feelings of others.
- Horizontal lines - unable to realize themselves.
Middle Finger Riddles
The middle finger was called the "finger of Saturn". He is positioned as a closed, rude, gloomy and emotionless deity.
Too long finger- loves loneliness very much, easily manages without communication with other people.
Not very long finger- rather irresponsible and frivolous. It is dangerous to do business with an individual or to trust secrets.
The middle finger is bent towards the index finger - low self-esteem. A person is constantly under the yoke of his own insecurity, is nervous because of the little things, feels constantly indebted to someone.
The finger is curved towards the ring finger - it is sometimes difficult for a person to communicate with other people because he is timid, although he can hide this behind his behavior. At the same time, often, in order to speak with a stranger, he has to make a huge effort on himself. However, it is these people who achieve great creative success.
Important notes
1 phalanx
- Vertical lines - a responsible person, financially secure, self-confident.
- Grids - not able to control their energy.
- Crosses - has a developed intuition.
- Horizontal lines - responsible, but it depresses him, constant dissatisfaction.
2 phalanges
- Vertical lines - loves truth, justice, prone to the study of science.
- Lattices are a pessimist, unable to develop harmoniously.
- Crosses - abstraction from the real world, indifference.
- Horizontal lines - either is under constant pressure, or is in the world of its illusions.
3 phalanges
- Vertical lines - constantly evolving, striving for wealth, comfort.
- Lattice - not able to soberly assess their strength.
- Crosses - a person goes on the wrong path.
- Horizontal lines - loneliness, failure, lack of experience.
Palmistry - ring finger
This finger is associated with the creative and emotional Apollo. If it is longer than the index, then you have a subtle creative nature.
If the length of the index and ring fingers is equal, then the person is extremely reckless. He rarely listens to common sense and does as he pleases.
The finger is curved towards the middle - it's time for a person to change jobs, since he has a different vocation. He has developed intuition and can become clairvoyant.
Bending towards the little finger - a person is too self-critical, this prevents him from succeeding in any endeavors.
What will the phalanges of the fingers tell
Phalanges of fingers
1 phalanx
- Vertical lines - a sensitive, energetic, impulsive person with pronounced creative abilities.
- Grids - depression.
- Crosses - lack of attention, antisocial behavior.
- Horizontal lines - creative stagnation.
2 phalanges
- Vertical lines - a creative, business, developing person.
- Grids - is engaged in creativity, but is not able to develop talent, angry at others.
- Crosses - wastes the gift.
- Horizontal lines - constantly under stress.
3 phalanges
- Vertical lines - a person knows how to work with his hands, physical labor brings him pleasure.
- Lattice is a perfectionist.
- Crosses - constantly trying to be the best, but, being far from perfect, engages in self-flagellation.
- Horizontal lines - stress, creative difficulties.
Secrets of the little finger
The little finger is the finger of Mercury. If it is higher than the line separating the phalanx of the ring finger, then you have an honest and open person.
If it is lower, then the person is extremely timid, shy and has difficulty expressing his emotions.
A curved finger towards the ring finger - a person is cunning and inclined to deceive.
A strongly twisted finger - it is dangerous to do business with such a person, as he can betray at any moment.
4 fold lines on the little finger speak of a person's sociability.
Sign decoding
1 phalanx
- Vertical lines - sociable, liberated, strive for wealth and influence.
- Lattice - shy of his own emotions.
- Crosses - aggressive, selfish, unfulfilled sexual desire.
- Horizontal lines - a braggart, unable to express himself.
2 phalanges
- Vertical lines - very sexy, passionate, sensual.
- Lattice - you need to be more sociable to achieve goals.
- Crosses - uses other people for selfish purposes.
- Horizontal lines - possible diseases of the reproductive system, sexual dissatisfaction.
3 phalanges
- Vertical lines - extrovert, sociable, bright.
- Lattice - tactless, forgetful, absent-minded.
- Crosses - deceitful, often distorts the facts.
- Horizontal lines - unable to clearly express their thoughts.
The shape of the fingers and the mysterious symbols on them is another necessary information that any novice palmist should know. In addition, pay attention to the shape of nails, bracelets on the wrists and lines on the palm of your hand and you can get a complete analysis of the personality of any person.
The phalanx of a human finger has 3 parts: proximal, main (middle) and final (distal). On the distal part of the nail phalanx there is a well-marked nail tuberosity. All fingers are formed by 3 phalanges, called the main, middle and nail. The only exception is the thumbs, they consist of 2 phalanges. The thickest phalanges of the fingers form the thumbs, and the longest form the middle fingers.
Our distant ancestors were vegetarians. Meat was not part of their diet. The food was low-calorie, so they spent all the time on the trees, getting food in the form of leaves, young shoots, flowers and fruits. The fingers and toes were long, with a well-developed grasping reflex, thanks to which they were kept on the branches and deftly climbed the trunks. However, the fingers remained inactive in a horizontal projection. The palms and feet did not open well into a plane with widely spaced fingers. The opening angle did not exceed 10-12°.
At some point, one of the primates tried meat and found that this food is much more nutritious. He suddenly had time to consider the world around him. He shared his discovery with his brothers. Our ancestors became carnivores and descended from the trees to the ground and rose to their feet.
However, the meat had to be butchered. Then man invented the axe. Man is actively using modified versions of the chopped and today. In the process of making this tool and working with it, people began to change their fingers. On the arms they became mobile, active and strong, but on the legs they shortened and lost their mobility.
By prehistoric times, human fingers and toes have acquired an almost modern look. The angle of opening of the fingers at the palm and on the foot reached 90°. People have learned to perform complex manipulations, play musical instruments, draw, draw, engage in circus art and sports. All these activities were reflected in the formation of the skeletal base of the fingers.
Development became possible due to the special structure of the human hand and foot. She, in technical language, is all “hinged”. Small bones are connected by joints in a single and harmonious form.
Feet and palms have become mobile, they do not break when making reversal and eversion movements, arching and torsion. With fingers and toes, a modern person can press, open, tear, incise and perform other complex manipulations.
Anatomy is a fundamental science. The structure of the hand and wrist is a topic that is of interest not only to physicians. Knowledge of it is necessary for athletes, students and other categories of people.
In humans, fingers and toes, despite noticeable external differences, have the same phalanx structure. At the base of each finger are long tubular bones called phalanges.
The toes and toes are the same in structure. They consist of 2 or 3 phalanges. Its middle part is called the body, the bottom is called the base or proximal end, and the top is called the block or distal end.
Each finger (except the thumb) consists of 3 phalanges:
- proximal (main);
- middle;
- distal (nail).
The thumb consists of 2 phalanges (proximal and nail).
The body of each phalanx of the fingers has a flattened upper back and small lateral ridges. The body has a nutritional opening that passes into a canal directed from the proximal end to the distal one. The proximal end is thickened. It has developed articular surfaces that provide connection with other phalanges and with the bones of the metacarpus and foot.
The distal end of the 1st and 2nd phalanges has a head. On the 3rd phalanx, it looks different: the end is pointed and has a bumpy, rough surface on the back. The articulation with the bones of the metacarpus and foot is formed by the proximal phalanges. The remaining phalanges of the fingers provide a reliable connection of the bones of the finger to each other.
Sometimes a deformed phalanx of a finger becomes the result of pathological processes occurring in the human body.
If round thickenings appear on the phalanges of the fingers and the fingers become like drumsticks, and the nails turn into sharp claws, then the person probably has diseases of the internal organs, which may include:
- heart defects;
- impaired lung function;
- infective endocarditis;
- diffuse goiter, Crohn's disease (severe disease of the gastrointestinal tract);
- lymphoma;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- esophagitis;
- myeloid leukemia.
If such symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor, because in a neglected state, these diseases can become a serious threat to your health and even life. It happens that the deformation of the phalanges of the fingers and toes is accompanied by excruciating, pulling pains and a feeling of stiffness in the hand and foot. These symptoms indicate that the interphalangeal joints are affected.
Diseases affecting these joints include:
- deforming osteoarthritis;
- gouty arthritis;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- psoriatic arthritis.
In no case should you self-medicate, because due to illiterate therapy, you can completely lose the mobility of your fingers, and this will greatly reduce the quality of life. The doctor will prescribe examinations that will reveal the causes of the disease.
Determining the causes will allow you to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a treatment regimen. In the case of strict adherence to all the recommendations of the physician in such diseases, the prognosis will be positive.
If painful bumps appear on the phalanges of the fingers, then you are actively developing gout, arthritis, arthrosis, or accumulated salt deposits. A characteristic feature of these diseases is considered to be a seal in the area of \u200b\u200bcones. A very disturbing symptom, because it is such a thickening that leads to immobilization of the fingers. With such a clinic, you should go to the doctor so that he prescribes a therapy regimen, makes up a set of gymnastic exercises, prescribes massage, applications and other physiotherapeutic procedures.
Injuries of joints and bone structures
Who among us hasn't pressed our fingers against doors, hit a nail with a hammer, or dropped some heavy object on our feet? Quite often, such incidents end in fractures. These injuries are very painful. They are almost always complicated by the fact that the fragile body of the phalanx breaks into many fragments. Sometimes the cause of a fracture can be a chronic disease that destroys the bone structure of the phalanx. These diseases include osteoporosis, osteomyelitis and other severe tissue damage. If you have a high risk of getting such a fracture, then you should take care of your arms and legs, because the treatment of such phalangeal fractures is troublesome and expensive.
Traumatic fractures according to the nature of the damage can be closed and open (with traumatic ruptures and tissue damage). After a detailed examination and X-ray, the traumatologist determines whether the fragments have shifted. Based on the results obtained, the attending physician determines how he will treat this injury. With open fractures, victims always go to the doctor. After all, the spectacle of such a fracture is very unsightly and frightens a person. But closed fractures of the phalanges often try to endure. You have a closed fracture if, after the injury, you experience:
- pain on palpation (touch);
- swelling of the finger;
- restriction of movements;
- subcutaneous hemorrhage;
- finger deformity.
Go to a traumatologist immediately and get treatment! Dislocations of the phalanges, injuries of tendons, ligaments can be combined with closed fractures of the fingers, so you cannot cope without the help of a specialist.
Rules for the provision of first aid
If the phalanx is damaged, even if it is just a bruise, it is worth immediately applying a splint or a tight polymer bandage. As a tire, you can use any dense plate (wooden or plastic). Pharmacies today sell latex splints that fix a split bone well. You can use the adjacent healthy finger together. To do this, firmly bandage them together or glue them with a band-aid. This will immobilize the injured phalanx and make it possible to calmly work with the hand. This will also help prevent the bone fragments from moving.
Conservative treatment (wearing tight bandages and plaster) of fractures lasts about 3-4 weeks. During this time, the traumatologist conducts x-rays twice (on days 10 and 21). After removing the plaster for six months, active development of the fingers and joints is carried out.
The beauty of the hands and feet is determined by the correct forms of the phalanges of the fingers. You need to take care of your hands and feet regularly.
Proceed to the examination of the phalanges of the fingers.
The phalanges of the fingers are of particular value - both individually and all together. In fact, they provide us with reliable clues to a person's professional inclinations, and also tell us about the most striking character traits.
Each finger has three segments. The lowest part, the one closest to the palm, is considered the third phalanx, the middle one is the second, and the upper one is the first.
The third phalanges are the longest
If the lower phalanx of each finger is the longest compared to the other two, special attention should be paid to this. These segments are associated with animal instincts and physical addictions. If they dominate, their owner is predisposed to live in a world governed by physical needs. He has no intellectual inclinations, nor is he endowed with any spiritual values. He usually has a healthy and strong physique, and nature itself has made him suitable for hard work. It can be found in all areas of our lives where physical strength and a good physique are required. He is not too diligent and cannot hold any position of responsibility. His character usually corresponds to farm work or any type of work that does not require special qualifications. In the factory, in the office or in the field, he can perform work that does not require a high degree of intelligence, but is associated with activities related to physical endurance, the ability to withstand great stress and a healthy physique. He can also be seen in low-skilled jobs - truck driver, packer, scavenger, etc. He is hardworking, but he needs sensitive guidance and directives. Being engaged in measured, routine work, he can perform his duties quite well.
He loves physical comfort and usually has an excellent appetite. He enjoys gymnastics and outdoor life, and usually finds hobbies that give him an outlet for his physical energy.
Since he tends to show herd mentality, gets along well with his own kind and, according to his own standard of living and intelligence, he usually turns out to be a good citizen, master and friend. He loves family life and home comfort, hardly survives loneliness.
Although he is often rude and blunt in his manner, he can also be kind and have a great sense of humor. As long as his physical comfort is satisfied, he is happy.
The middle phalanges are the longest
If all the middle phalanges are the longest, their owner, although inclined to enjoy normal physical comfort and good food, engages in activities that require a higher level of intelligence, training and education. His choice of work and public relations is predetermined by an intellectual approach to things. Fingers, the second phalanges are the longest, commonly found in professionals, businessmen, scientists, doctors, journalists, in fact, a whole range of people who work predominantly with the head rather than with the hands.
One of the most interesting features of the owner of such fingers is that he is smart, active, well trained and prone to learning and gaining new knowledge. He constantly adds something new to the already accumulated knowledge and experience in his particular field of activity.
His values are just as healthy and constructive. He usually adheres to accepted norms of behavior both socially and professionally. He is receptive, observant and believes that you can create your prestige, social status and earn material values. He can be a diligent worker, although he does not devote all his time to work as such. He can be very fond of his home, be a family man and a useful and conscientious citizen.
The first phalanges are the longest
If the upper phalanges of all fingers are the longest, their owner is less inclined towards physical things. This is an indicator of idealism and an innate need for devotion to spiritual and moral things. Such a person is sensitive, prone to metaphysics and strives to comprehend any school of thought, philosophy, ethics or religion to which he could devote his entire existence.
Without being too practical, he is very intelligent and receptive. He is not inclined to notice his own impracticality, and his ideals so absorb his personality that he often becomes a kind of symbol of a metaphysical and spiritual orientation. Such a person is excellently suited for missionary work or for such academic interests as may be related to moral philosophy or reform work.
He too often neglects physical comfort and as a result becomes isolated from society.
Even if he does not retire and continues to live in ordinary conditions, among the hustle and bustle, he still lives like a hermit. However, he can have a profound effect on those with whom he associates.
He does not give free rein to his appetite and can be rather indifferent to the delicacies on the table or to personal intimate bonds of an emotional nature. He will always strive for simplicity, usually he is ascetic in everything that concerns the physical needs of a person.
Not being a very strong person physically, he tends to show insufficient stamina and energy, and often suffers from malnutrition or malnutrition. Very sensitive in nature, he is prone to nervous breakdowns. But with proper care, he can live long enough and maintain his health in perfect order.
Then you should look at the meaning