Abraham Lincoln | Abraham Lincoln |
| Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth President of the United States. He was born in Kentucky in 1809, in the family of a very poor farmer. When Lincoln was a boy, he worked on the farm all days long. He didn't go to school. He taught himself to read arid write. Later Lincoln studied law and became a lawyer. After that he became a politician. | Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth President of the United States. He was born in Kentucky in 1809 to a very poor farmer's family. When Lincoln was a boy, he worked all day on the family farm. He didn't go to school. He taught himself to read and write. Lincoln later studied law and became a lawyer. Then he became a politician. |
| Everybody liked Abraham Lincoln because he was intelligent andhardworking. Lincoln was very ambitious. He wanted to be good at everything he did. He said that he wanted to win the "race of life". Hewas kind and honest. People called him "Honest Abe". | Everyone loved Abraham Lincoln because he was smart and hardworking. Lincoln was very ambitious. He wanted to do everything well. He said he wanted to win the "race of life". He was kind and honest. People called him "Honest Abe". |
| Lincoln became President in 1860. In 1861 there was a war between the North and the South of the United States. The people of the South wanted a separate government from the United States. The people of the Northwanted the United States to stay together as one country. Lincoln was the leader of the North. In the war brother killed brother. The CivilWar was four years long. | Lincoln became president in 1860. In 1861, war broke out between the North and South of the United States. Southerners sought a separate government from the United States. The northerners wanted the United States to remain a single country. Lincoln led the northerners. It was a fratricidal war. The civil war lasted four years. |
| The North won the Civil War. The War ended on April 9, 1865. Six days later President Lincoln and his wife went to the theatre. In the theater man went behind the President and shot him in the head. The man "sname was John Wilkes Booth. He was a supporter of the South. Lincolndied the next morning. | The North won the Civil War. The war ended on April 9, 1865. Six days later, President Lincoln and his wife went to the theater. In the theater, a man approached the president from behind and shot him in the head. This man's name was John Wilkes Booth. He was a supporter of the South. Lincoln died the next morning. |
Vocabulary
law - law, right
lawyer ["lo: j∂] - lawyer, lawyer
intelligent - smart
hard-working - industrious
ambitious - ambitious
to win - to win
race - race
honest ["onist] - honest
separate - separate
to be the leader (of) - to be the leader, to lead
civil war - civil war
to shoot (shot) - shoot
Questions
1. What was Abraham Lincoln?
2. When was he born?
3. What do you know about his childhood?
4. What did he study?
5. What did people call him?
6. When did he become President?
7. When and how did he die?
Lincoln warned the South in his Inaugural Address: "In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you.... You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it."
Lincoln thought secession illegal, and was willing to use force to defend Federal law and the Union. When Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter and forced its surrender, he called on the states for 75,000 volunteers. Four more slave states joined the Confederacy but four remained within the Union. The Civil War had begun.
The son of a Kentucky frontiersman, Lincoln had to struggle for a living and for learning. Five months before receiving his party "s nomination for President, he sketched his life:
"I was born Feb. 12, 1809, in Hardin County, Kentucky. My parents were both born in Virginia, of undistinguished families--second families, perhaps I should say. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family of the name of Hanks.... My father ... removed from Kentucky to ... Indiana, in my eighth year.... It was a wild region, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. There I grew up.... Of course when I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher ... but that was all."
Lincoln made extraordinary efforts to attain knowledge while working on a farm, splitting rails for fences, and keeping store at New Salem, Illinois. He was a captain in the Black Hawk War, spent eight years in the Illinois legislature, and rode the circuit of courts for many years. His law partner said of him, "His ambition was a little engine that knew no rest."
He married Mary Todd, and they had four boys, only one of whom lived to maturity. In 1858 Lincoln ran against Stephen A. Douglas for Senator. He lost the election, but in debating with Douglas he gained a national reputation that won him the Republican nomination for President in 1860.
As President, he built the Republican Party into a strong national organization. Further, her rallied most of the northern Democrats to the Union cause. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy.
Lincoln never let the world forget that the Civil War involved an even larger issue. This he stated most movingly in dedicating the military cemetery at Gettysburg: "that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain--that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
Lincoln won re-election in 1864, as Union military triumphs heralded an end to the war. In his planning for peace, the President was flexible and generous, encouraging Southerners to lay down their arms and join speedily in reunion.
The spirit that guided him was clearly that of his Second Inaugural Address, now inscribed on one wall of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D. C.: "With malice towards none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation"s wounds.... "
On Good Friday, April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford's Theater in Washington by John Wilkes Booth, an actor, who somehow thought he was helping the South. The opposite was the result, for with Lincoln's death, the possibility of peace with magnanimity died.
Abraham Lincoln
Among all presidents in the history of the United States, Abraham Lincoln is probably the one that Americans remember best. He brought honesty and integrity to the White House. Most of all he is remembered or he is associated with the final abolition of slavery. Lincoln became a virtual symbol of the American Dream whereby an ordinary person from humble beginnings could reach the pinnacle of society as president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12,1809 in Kentucky, and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally he and his sister Sarah attended classes in a log schoolhouse some 3 km from home.
It was a difficult time for the family, in which his father Thomas Lincoln tried to make living as a carpenter and farmer. The Lincolns moved from farm to farm around Kentucky until 1816, when the family left to settle in Indiana.
During 14 years the Lincolns lived in Indiana and his childhood in the frontier of Indiana set the course for his character and motivation in life later.
Abraham Lincoln began a long road to become the sixteenth president of the USA, In 1834, he was elected into the House of Representatives and began studying to become a lawyer. For the next few years, he practiced law all across the state. In 1847, he was elected into Congress, but his opinions did not ensure him a long stay there. He was vehemently against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for the second term.
A few years later, slavery became a stronger issue, and more people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. The Republicans nominated him for the US Senate in 1858. Abraham Lincoln's oratorical powers brought him to the attention of the nation. In 1860, he was nominated by the Republican Party as its candidate for the Presidency of the United States. Lincoln won't by a small margin.
But with his election, the country began the process of dividing. South Carolina had seceded from the Union before he was even inaugurated. Other states followed to form the Confederation. The North and the South were divided, and the Civil War began. The war was not only over the abolition of slavery, but also for the rights of individual states to make their own choices.
Later, Lincoln was elected for the second term of Presidency in 1864. The South surrendered, and the Civil War was ended on April 9, 1865. The difficult period of time began, the time for reconstruction and reconciliation, but Lincoln would not be the person to lead the country through this difficult period.
On April 14, Abraham Lincoln with his wife attended the play in Ford's Theater in Washington D.C. A few minutes past ten o'clock, an actor stepped into the Presidential box and shot the President. In the following morning Abraham Lincoln died.
Abraham Lincoln
In the history of the United States, among all presidents, Abraham Lincoln is the president most remembered by Americans. He brought honesty and unity to the White House. Most of all, his name is remembered or associated with the final phase of the abolition of slavery. Lincoln became the de facto symbol of the American dream, through which an ordinary man with modest inclinations can reach such heights as the president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally, he and his sister Sarah would attend classes at a log-built school three kilometers from their home.
It was a difficult time for the family, a time when his father, Thomas Lincoln, was struggling to earn a living as a carpenter or farmer. The Lincoln family moved from farm to farm throughout Kentucky until 1816, after which they settled in Indiana.
For 14 years the Lincoln family lived in Indiana, his childhood spent on the border of Indiana shaped his character and behavior in later life.
Abraham Lincoln began the long journey to become the sixteenth president of the United States. In 1834 he was elected to the House of Representatives and began training as a lawyer. For the next few years, he works as a state attorney. In 1847 he was elected to Congress, but his ideas did not allow him to stay there for long. He fought passionately against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for a second term.
After a few years, the issue of slavery became a stumbling block, many people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined the Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. In 1858, the Republicans nominated him for the United States Senate. Thanks to his oratory skills, Abraham Lincoln riveted the attention of the entire nation. In 1860, the Republicans nominated him for the presidency of the United States. By a small margin, Lincoln won.
But with his victory, the process of division began in the country. The state of South Carolina withdrew from the Union before Lincoln was inaugurated as president. Other states followed and formed a confederation. The north and south were divided, a civil war broke out. The war began not only for the abolition of slavery, they also fought for the right of each individual state to choose independently.
Later, in 1864, Lincoln was elected to a second presidential term. The South surrendered, and on April 9, 1865, the Civil War ended. A difficult period has begun, a period of restoration and reconciliation, but Lincoln will not become the man who will lead the country in this difficult time.
On April 14, Abraham Lincoln and his wife visited the Ford Theater in Washington DC. At about eleven o'clock, one of the actors entered the presidential box and fired at the president. The President died the next morning.
Questions:
1. What is Abraham Lincoln famous for?
2. Where did the future president spend his childhood?
3. Why was not Abraham Lincoln elected for the second term into the Congress?
4. What was the new political party that opposed slavery?
5. What happened when Lincoln was elected for the post of president of the U.S. in 1860?
6. When did the Civil War end?
7. Why did not Lincoln lead the country through the post-war period?
Vocabulary:
integrity - unity, integrity
to associate - associate
abolition - cancellation, abolition
slavery - slavery
hum^e - simple, ordinary
pinnacle - pinnacle
to attend - attend
carpenter - carpenter
to ensure - ensure, guarantee
vehemently - frantically
to nominate - nominate
to secede - to separate, break off
election - elections
to surrender - surrender, capitulate
reconciliation - reconciliation
to shoot (past shot, p.p. shot) - shoot
Among all presidents in the history of the United States, Abraham Lincoln is probably the one that Americans remember best. He brought honesty and integrity to the White House. Most of all he is remembered or he is associated with the final abolition of slavery. Lincoln became a virtual symbol of the American Dream whereby an ordinary person from humble beginnings could reach the pinnacle of society as president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12,1809 in Kentucky, and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally he and his sister Sarah attended classes in a log schoolhouse some 3 km from home.
It was a difficult time for the family, in which his father Thomas Lincoln tried to make living as a carpenter and farmer. The Lincolns moved from farm to farm around Kentucky until 1816, when the family left to settle in Indiana.
During 14 years the Lincolns lived in Indiana and his childhood in the frontier of Indiana set the course for his character and motivation in life later.
Abraham Lincoln began a long road to become the sixteenth president of the USA, In 1834, he was elected into the House of Representatives and began studying to become a lawyer. For the next few years, he practiced law all across the state. In 1847, he was elected into Congress, but his opinions did not ensure him a long stay there. He was vehemently against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for the second term.
A few years later, slavery became a stronger issue, and more people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. The Republicans nominated him for the US Senate in 1858. Abraham Lincoln's oratorical powers brought him to the attention of the nation. In 1860, he was nominated by the Republican Party as its candidate for the Presidency of the United States. Lincoln won by a small margin.
But with his election, the country began the process of dividing. South Carolina had seceded from the Union before he was even inaugurated. Other states followed to form the Confederation. The North and the South were divided, and the Civil War began. The war was not only over the abolition of slavery, but also for the rights of individual states to make their own choices.
Later, Lincoln was elected for the second term of Presidency in 1864. The South surrendered, and the Civil War was ended on April 9, 1865. The difficult period of time began, the time for reconstruction and reconciliation, but Lincoln would not be the person to lead the country through this difficult period.
On April 14, Abraham Lincoln with his wife attended the play in Ford's Theater in Washington D.C. A few minutes past ten o'clock, an actor stepped into the Presidential box and shot the President. In the following morning Abraham Lincoln died.
Translation of the text: Abraham Lincoln - Abraham Lincoln
In the history of the United States, of all presidents, Abraham Lincoln is the president most remembered by Americans. He brought honesty and unity to the White House. Most of all, his name is remembered or associated with the final phase of the abolition of slavery. Lincoln became the de facto symbol of the American dream, through which an ordinary man with modest inclinations can reach such heights as the president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally, he and his sister Sarah would attend classes at a log-built school three kilometers from their home.
It was a difficult time for the family, a time when his father, Thomas Lincoln, was struggling to earn a living as a carpenter or farmer. The Lincoln family moved from farm to farm throughout Kentucky until 1816, after which they settled in Indiana.
For 14 years the Lincoln family lived in Indiana, his childhood spent on the border of Indiana shaped his character and behavior in later life.
Abraham Lincoln began the long journey to become the sixteenth president of the United States. In 1834 he was elected to the House of Representatives and began training as a lawyer. For the next few years, he works as a state attorney. In 1847 he was elected to Congress, but his ideas did not allow him to stay there for long. He fought passionately against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for a second term.
After a few years, the issue of slavery became a stumbling block, many people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined the Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. In 1858, the Republicans nominated him for the United States Senate. Thanks to his oratory skills, Abraham Lincoln riveted the attention of the entire nation. In 1860, the Republicans nominated him for the presidency of the United States. By a small margin, Lincoln won.
But with his victory, the process of division began in the country. The state of South Carolina withdrew from the Union before Lincoln was inaugurated as president. Other states followed and formed a confederation. The north and south were divided, a civil war broke out. The war began not only for the abolition of slavery, they also fought for the right of each individual state to choose independently.
Later, in 1864, Lincoln was elected to a second presidential term. The South surrendered, and on April 9, 1865, the Civil War ended. A difficult period has begun, a period of restoration and reconciliation, but Lincoln will not become the man who will lead the country in this difficult time.
On April 14, Abraham Lincoln and his wife visited the Ford Theater in Washington DC. At about eleven o'clock, one of the actors entered the presidential box and fired at the president. The President died the next morning.
References:
1. 100 topics of oral English (V. Kaverina, V. Boyko, N. Zhidkih) 2002
2. English for schoolchildren and applicants to universities. Oral exam. Topics. Reading texts. Exam questions. (Tsvetkova I.V., Klepalchenko I.A., Myltseva N.A.)
3. English, 120 Topics. English language, 120 conversation topics. (Sergeev S.P.)
Abraham Lincoln
Among all presidents in the history of the United States, Abraham Lincoln is probably the one that Americans remember best. He brought honesty and integrity to the White House. Most of all he is remembered or he is associated with the final abolition of slavery. Lincoln became a virtual symbol of the American Dream whereby an ordinary person from humble beginnings could reach the pinnacle of society as president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12,1809 in Kentucky, and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally he and his sister Sarah attended classes in a log schoolhouse some 3 km from home.
It was a difficult time for the family, in which his father Thomas Lincoln tried to make living as a carpenter and farmer. The Lincolns moved from farm to farm around Kentucky until 1816, when the family left to settle in Indiana.
During 14 years the Lincolns lived in Indiana and his childhood in the frontier of Indiana set the course for his character and motivation in life later.
Abraham Lincoln began a long road to become the sixteenth president of the USA, In 1834, he was elected into the House of Representatives and began studying to become a lawyer. For the next few years, he practiced law all across the state. In 1847, he was elected into Congress, but his opinions did not ensure him a long stay there. He was vehemently against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for the second term.
A few years later, slavery became a stronger issue, and more people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. The Republicans nominated him for the US Senate in 1858. Abraham Lincoln's oratorical powers brought him to the attention of the nation. In 1860, he was nominated by the Republican Party as its candidate for the Presidency of the United States. Lincoln won't by a small margin.
But with his election, the country began the process of dividing. South Carolina had seceded from the Union before he was even inaugurated. Other states followed to form the Confederation. The North and the South were divided, and the Civil War began. The war was not only over the abolition of slavery, but also for the rights of individual states to make their own choices.
Later, Lincoln was elected for the second term of Presidency in 1864. The South surrendered, and the Civil War was ended on April 9, 1865. The difficult period of time began, the time for reconstruction and reconciliation, but Lincoln would not be the person to lead the country through this difficult period.
On April 14, Abraham Lincoln with his wife attended the play in Ford's Theater in Washington D.C. A few minutes past ten o'clock, an actor stepped into the Presidential box and shot the President. In the following morning Abraham Lincoln died.
Abraham Lincoln
In the history of the United States, among all presidents, Abraham Lincoln is the president most remembered by Americans. He brought honesty and unity to the White House. Most of all, his name is remembered or associated with the final phase of the abolition of slavery. Lincoln became the de facto symbol of the American dream, through which an ordinary man with modest inclinations can reach such heights as the president of the country.
Abraham was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky and spent the first seven years of his life there. Occasionally, he and his sister Sarah would attend classes at a log-built school three kilometers from their home.
It was a difficult time for the family, a time when his father, Thomas Lincoln, was struggling to earn a living as a carpenter or farmer. The Lincoln family moved from farm to farm throughout Kentucky until 1816, after which they settled in Indiana.
For 14 years the Lincoln family lived in Indiana, his childhood spent on the border of Indiana shaped his character and behavior in later life.
Abraham Lincoln began the long journey to become the sixteenth president of the United States. In 1834 he was elected to the House of Representatives and began training as a lawyer. For the next few years, he works as a state attorney. In 1847 he was elected to Congress, but his ideas did not allow him to stay there for long. He fought passionately against slavery. As a result, he was not elected for a second term.
After a few years, the issue of slavery became a stumbling block, many people wanted to abolish it. Lincoln joined the Republicans, a new political party that opposed slavery. In 1858, the Republicans nominated him for the United States Senate. Thanks to his oratory skills, Abraham Lincoln riveted the attention of the entire nation. In 1860, the Republicans nominated him for the presidency of the United States. By a small margin, Lincoln won.
But with his victory, the process of division began in the country. The state of South Carolina withdrew from the Union before Lincoln was inaugurated as president. Other states followed and formed a confederation. The north and south were divided, a civil war broke out. The war began not only for the abolition of slavery, they also fought for the right of each individual state to choose independently.
Later, in 1864, Lincoln was elected to a second presidential term. The South surrendered, and on April 9, 1865, the Civil War ended. A difficult period has begun, a period of restoration and reconciliation, but Lincoln will not become the man who will lead the country in this difficult time.
On April 14, Abraham Lincoln and his wife visited the Ford Theater in Washington DC. At about eleven o'clock, one of the actors entered the presidential box and fired at the president. The President died the next morning.
Questions:
1. What is Abraham Lincoln famous for?
2. Where did the future president spend his childhood?
3. Why was not Abraham Lincoln elected for the second term into the Congress?
4. What was the new political party that opposed slavery?
5. What happened when Lincoln was elected for the post of president of the U.S. in 1860?
6. When did the Civil War end?
7. Why did not Lincoln lead the country through the post-war period?
Vocabulary:
integrity - unity, integrity
to associate - associate
abolition - cancellation, abolition
slavery - slavery
hum^e - simple, ordinary
pinnacle - pinnacle
to attend - attend
carpenter - carpenter
to ensure - ensure, guarantee
vehemently - frantically
to nominate - nominate
to secede - to separate, break off
election - elections
to surrender - surrender, capitulate
reconciliation - reconciliation
to shoot (past shot, p.p. shot) - shoot