Order of the Chrysanthemum with chain
The Order of the Chrysanthemum with Chain (大勲位菊花章) was established on January 4, 1888 and is considered the highest award in the Japanese award system.
Imperial Edict No. 1, which established the award, ordered to award this order to those who already own the Order of the Chrysanthemum on the Big Ribbon. Awarding the Order of the Chrysanthemum with a chain was provided only for the princes of the imperial family, the highest aristocracy, national heroes and heads of foreign countries. At the same time, in the case of state visits to Japan by foreign sovereigns, the Order of the Chrysanthemum with a chain and the Order of the Chrysanthemum with a Grand Ribbon were sometimes awarded simultaneously.
In addition to members of the imperial house, only 13 Japanese subjects were awarded this highest award. The order was allowed to be awarded posthumously. When awarding an order, only its highest degree was worn, i.e. Order of the Chrysanthemum with chain.
Order of the Chrysanthemum with chain
The badge of the Order of the Chrysanthemum with a chain, 60 mm in diameter, is made of gold. In its center is a red-colored Japanese enamel cabochon resembling a ruby in appearance. It is surrounded by 32 white-enamelled double rays of various lengths that form a cross.
The cross is framed with leaves made in green enamel and four symmetrically arranged chrysanthemum flowers covered with yellow enamel. The badge of the order is attached to the chain with a large pendant in the shape of a chrysanthemum, covered with yellow enamel.
The reverse side of the badge repeats the front one, with the exception that the pendant has an inscription in hieroglyphs "Great award for merit", which is applied over the enamel.
The badge of the order and the chain contain 300 grams of 22 carat gold, and the total weight of the award reaches 491.5 g.
Badge of the Order of the Chrysanthemum
The Star relied on the order, which had a convex shape, repeating the order but without gilding and without the upper chrysanthemum. Its diameter is larger than the order, and is 90 mm. In the center is a red enamel cabochon surrounded by 32 gold-plated and white-enamelled double beams.
This composition is superimposed on vertically and horizontally diverging four groups of longer double beams (three beams per group) of silver, covered with white enamel, which form a cross. Between these groups are placed silver chrysanthemums, covered with yellow enamel and framed with silver leaves with green enamel.
On the back there is an inscription in hieroglyphs - "Great award for merit." The star is worn on the left side of the chest.
Obverse and reverse of the Star of the Order of the Chrysanthemum
The chain of the order has a diameter of 290 mm. It has 12 links made of gold. They are openwork images made in the old style of the hieroglyphs "mei" and "ji", meaning the Meiji era. These links are interspersed with gold chains by thirteen medallions with gold chrysanthemums surrounded by green enameled leaves. The lower medallion, to which the sign is attached, has a diameter of 40 mm, the rest - 27 mm.
Those who have been awarded the Order of the Chrysanthemum with a chain may wear a reduced-sized badge of this order around their necks on a small chain with their dress uniform. The specified chain consists of round gold links without ornament, and the sign has a diameter of 45 mm.
Ribbon for an order block
During the existence of the order, only 60 awards were made. Among them, Ryomoto Miyamori Tadashi - a marshal, a member of the imperial family - was awarded for special merits during the Second World War.
Order of the Chrysanthemum on the Grand Ribbon
Ribbon for the medal bar
The Order of the Chrysanthemum on the Great Ribbon (大勲位菊花大綬章) was established on December 27, 1876, and is essentially the second class of the Order of the Chrysanthemum. It was intended to reward the Japanese and foreigners from among members of the imperial and royal families and the highest aristocracy, as well as heads of foreign states.
In accordance with the regulations on the imperial house, it was received by the princes of the imperial family at the age of 7, and other princes at the age of 15.
The badge of the Order of the Chrysanthemum on the Great Ribbon has the same appearance as the badge of the Order of the Chrysanthemum with chain, but its diameter is 76 mm and is usually made of gilded silver. The width of the shoulder tape was officially set at 115 mm, but in fact it was 106 mm. The ribbon was made of red moire silk with 18 mm blue-violet edges and had a rosette. Earlier ribbons were made from non-Mara silk and differed in the texture of the fabric.
The ribbon is worn over the right shoulder. The Order of the Chrysanthemum on the Great Ribbon has the same Star as the Order of the Chrysanthemum with a chain. The order was awarded to 93 people, incl. only three living Japanese subjects and eleven posthumously.
Immediately after the Manchurian Incident, Japan's probably most common military medal arrived - the Medal "For Participation in the Chinese Incident" (medal of the Sino-Japanese War of 1937-1945)
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese invasion of North China began with the "Marco Polo Bridge Incident". On this day, Japanese troops, conducting maneuvers, fired at the Chinese garrison. The Chinese also responded with fire. A battle began, which lasted until July 9, after which a truce was concluded. However, the conflict did not end there.
On July 14, the Japanese resumed fighting, and on July 26 they gave the Chinese an ultimatum to withdraw their troops from Beijing within 48 hours. The Chinese authorities rejected this demand, and the next day (July 27, 1937) began, in fact, full-scale military operations that did not stop for 8 years, until the end of World War II. In accordance with the "tradition", they received the name "Chinese Incident" from the Japanese militarists.
On March 30, 1940, a puppet "Central Government of China" was formed in Japanese-occupied Nanjing.
By the end of 1941, Japan captured Chinese territory with a population of about 215 million people. In the hands of the Japanese were the most developed regions of the country, mainly the coastal Chinese provinces, where the most big cities, seaports and industrial enterprises, main railway lines and waterways.
Well, then Pearl Harbor, and Okinawa, and Midway, atomic bombings, Gobi and Khingan, Port Arthur, landings on the islands of the Kuril chain and capitulation.
Japan's last military medal of the 20th century.
The original Imperial Edict No. 496 of July 27, 1939 was later supplemented by Edict No. 418 of 1944.
The medal was ordered to be awarded to soldiers heading to China until the summer of 1945. This award is quite common.
Ribbon 37 mm wide, moire silk, with longitudinal stripes: 3 mm blue (symbolizing the sea and the navy), 3 mm light blue (sky and air force), 7.5 mm tan (yellow soil of China and, accordingly, ground forces), 3.5 mm dark pink (land of China, watered with blood) and 2 mm bright red (blood and loyalty). The slat ribbon had pink stripes fading to brown, but it was never used as a ribbon for the actual medal.
The medal is 30 mm in diameter and made of bronze. Its articulated suspension and bar are similar to previous military medals. The obverse depicts the mythological creature "brave raven" ("yata-no-karasu"), which sits on crossed army and naval flags. Behind him, rays of light diverge, and on top is the imperial coat of arms of a chrysanthemum.
The reverse depicts images of mountains, clouds and sea waves made in the classical Chinese style, symbolizing North China, Central China and the Yellow Sea, respectively. The inscription on the back of the medal: "Chinese Incident".
Black box with silver hieroglyphs
This pepper has medals for the Manchurian and Chinese incidents hanging together - from one incident to another at once
This pepper is similar
It remains to throw two Japanese military medals into a box - the war of 1895 and a boxer, then arrange everything on a stand and you can close the topic for yourself.
Beautiful, somewhere romantic, exotic, but somehow everything is fast and affordable.
And therefore a little sad.
Japan Self-Defense Force medals
| The country | Japan |
| Type | Award medals (slats) |
| Date of establishment | April 1, 1982 |
| First award | 1982 |
| Last award | our days |
| Status | current awards |
| To whom is awarded | Personnel of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces |
| Who is awarded | Japan Self-Defense Command |
| Grounds for awarding | Successful performance of official duties as part of the Japan Self-Defense Forces |
| Options | 36 x 11 mm |
Japan Self-Defense Force medals(jap. 防衛記念章) - departmental awards of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, introduced on April 1, 1982. Actually there are no medals in the traditional sense, the badge of the medal is a bar in the form of a rectangle 36 x 11 mm, covered with a moire fabric of the appropriate color. Initially, there were 15 slats, then their number has changed several times, currently there are 48.
History of the award
Admiral of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
Medals of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces No. 4 and No. 18 and boxes for them.
In accordance with the Potsdam Declaration in 1945, the disarmament and demobilization of the army was carried out in Japan, the military and naval ministries with all their subordinate bodies were disbanded, and military personnel were deprived of their pension rights.
In the new Constitution of the country, adopted in 1947, article 9 stated that
However, on January 23, 1950, Prime Minister Yoshida declared that Japan was not giving up the right to self-defence.
After the outbreak of the Korean War on July 8, 1950, MacArthur's directive ordered the Japanese government to create a so-called police reserve corps, which can be seen as the beginning of a renaissance Japanese army.
When the Japan Self-Defense Forces (Japanese 自衛隊 Jieitai) and the Japan Naval Self-Defense Forces (Japanese 海上自衛隊 Kaijo: jieitai) were created in 1954, no awards were given to personnel. On the contrary, they could not be awarded state awards (orders and medals) of Japan. It should be mentioned here that the purely military Order of the Golden Kite was abolished back in 1947. Therefore, the personnel of the Japanese self-defense forces were left without awards. But in the 50-60s, there were still veterans of the Imperial Army and the Navy in the ranks of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces, who could wear straps (and the awards themselves) received during World War II and earlier. But by the early 1980s, they were all either dead or retired. And the Japanese soldiers were left without insignia for their services.
In 1982, it was decided to fill the award vacuum. In the Japan Self-Defense Forces, such types of rewards have been established as announcing gratitude, awarding a commendable letter, signs "For Merit in Defense" and "For Diligence", and commemorative military medals (Japanese 防衛記念章).
The personnel of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces are awarded the medals of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces for the successful performance of official duties, for achievements and specific results in the service, for long service. Awards are worn on uniforms, on the left side of the chest. It should be noted that there are no medals in the traditional sense in the Japanese Self-Defense Forces, instead they use ribbons (each award has its own colors), which are attached to the slats. The current award system is the same for all three types of armed forces (land, sea and air). Initially (April 1, 1982) 15 tapes were created. Then the number of ribbons increased - in 2000 it was 32, and in 2013 - 42. In 2017, there were already 48 strips, but 5 medals are no longer awarded.
The idea of "commemorative ribbons" (medals of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces) is completely copied from American straps (Eng. unit awards/unit citations).
Award Statute
Reasons for the award
Military medals are awarded to the following categories of military personnel: awarded with the "gratitude" award; contributed to the collective awarding of the formation (institution); command staff; serving in the central bodies of military command; having long service; performing official duties abroad; participating in operational and combat training (OBT) activities abroad, in the delivery of Antarctic expeditions, in the international activities of the self-defense forces, as well as in state events and sports competitions.
Award criteria and appearance of the medal bars of the Japan Self-Defense Forces
| Image | Award number | Award Criteria |
|---|---|---|
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Military medal No. 1. | (Daichigo Boei Kinensho) - designed for those who received Special Thanks from the Prime Minister of Japan. |
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Military medal number 2. | For those marked with first-class gratitude on behalf of the head of the Defense Directorate for outstanding results and achievements that have become a model for other military personnel of the unit:
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Military medal number 3. | For those awarded the Second Class Commendation on behalf of the Chiefs of Staff of the Land, Naval and Air Self-Defense Forces for outstanding results and achievements, indicated in the regulations on Medal No. 2. |
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Military medal No. 4. | Gratitude 3rd degree. Participation in the actions of troops (forces), patrols, search and rescue and restoration work, as well as other cases determined by the Minister of Defense. |
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Military medal number 5. | Gratitude 3rd degree. Impeccable service, accident-free flights (5 thousand flight hours) and driving (150 thousand km). |
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Military medal No. 6. | Gratitude 3rd degree. For inventions, rationalization proposals, increasing the level of performance of official duties. |
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Military medal number 7. | Gratitude 3rd degree. Cases different from those stipulated by the regulations for medals number 4-6. Conducting and participation in the events of the EBP. |
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Military medal number 8. | Gratitude 4th degree. Participation in the actions of troops (forces), patrols, search and rescue and restoration work, as well as other cases determined by the Minister of Defense. |
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Military medal number 9. | Gratitude 4th degree. Impeccable service, accident-free flights (3 thousand flight hours) and driving (100 thousand km). |
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Military medal number 10. | Gratitude 4th degree. For inventions, rationalization proposals, increasing the level of performance of official duties. |
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Military medal number 11. | Gratitude 4th degree. Cases different from those stipulated by the regulations for medals number 8-10. Conducting and participating in 0BP events. |
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Military medal number 12. | Gratitude 5 degree. Participation in the actions of troops (forces), patrols, search and rescue and restoration work, as well as other cases determined by the Minister of Defense. |
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Military medal number 13. | Gratitude 5 degree. Gratitude of the 5th degree. Impeccable service, accident-free flights (1.5 thousand flight hours) and driving (20 thousand km). |
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Military medal number 14. | Gratitude 5 degree. For inventions, rationalization proposals, increasing the level of performance of official duties. |
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Military medal number 15. | Gratitude of the 5th degree. Cases different from those stipulated by the regulations for medals number 12-14. Conducting and participation in the events of the EBP. |
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Military medal number 16. | Security merit. Prevention of accidents and disasters, participation in their elimination. |
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Military medal number 17. | Involvement in awarding the unit with a special diploma. |
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Military medal number 18. | Involvement in awarding the unit with a diploma of the 1st degree. |
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Military medal No. 19. | Command staff in the ranks of lieutenant general, vice admiral (army commanders ground forces, Navy Fleet, Air Force Combat Aviation Command). |
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Military medal number 20. | Command staff in the ranks of major general, rear admiral (commanders of ground forces, air wings, flotillas). |
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Military medal number 21. | Command staff with the ranks of colonel, captain of the 1st rank (commanders of regiments, divisions of ships, aviation groups). |
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Military medal number 22. | Command staff in the ranks of major, lieutenant colonel, captain 3rd, 2nd rank (commanders of battalions, companies, ships, aviation squadrons). |
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Military medal number 23. | Command staff in the ranks of junior officers (unit commanders). |
| Military medal number 24. | Command staff in the ranks of lieutenant general, vice admiral (deputy commanders or chiefs of staff of the armies of the ground forces, the fleet of the Navy, the combat aviation command of the Air Force). Introduced June 1, 2017. | |
| Military medal number 25. | Command staff with the ranks of major general, rear admiral (deputy commanders or chiefs of staff of ground forces, air wings, flotillas). Introduced June 1, 2017. | |
| Military medal number 26. | Command staff with the ranks of colonel, captain of the 1st rank (deputy commanders or chiefs of staff of regiments, divisions of ships, aviation groups). Introduced June 1, 2017. | |
| Military medal number 27. | Command staff in the ranks of major, lieutenant colonel, captain 3rd, 2nd rank (deputy commanders or chiefs of staff of battalions, companies, ships, aviation squadrons). Introduced June 1, 2017. | |
| Military medal number 28. | Command staff in the ranks of junior officers (deputy unit commanders). Introduced June 1, 2017. | |
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Military medal number 29. | Service in the central office of the Ministry of Defense. |
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Military medal number 30. | Service in the joint headquarters (excluding the command and staff college of the OSh). |
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Military medal number 31. | Service in the headquarters of the type of self-defense forces. |
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Military medal number 32. | Service in the Secretariat of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Awarded until March 26, 2006. |
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Military medal number 33. | Service in the intelligence department of the Moscow Region (excluding electronic intelligence centers). |
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Military medal number 34. | Service in a research and technical center (excluding research institutes and training grounds). Established in June 2009. In October 2015, it was abolished due to the creation of the Defense Supply Agency. Replaced by Military Medal No. 37. |
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Military medal number 35. | Service in the Department of Military Supplies. Established in June 2009. In October 2015, it was abolished due to the creation of the Defense Supply Agency. Replaced by Military Medal No. 37. |
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Military medal number 36. | Service in the inspection department. |
| Military medal number 37. | For employees of institutions of the Defense Department Supply Agency. Introduced in October 2015. | |
| Military medal number 38. | For employees who worked in the administrative institutions of the country. Secretariat of the Cabinet of Ministers. Cabinet of Ministers, etc. | |
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Military medal number 39. | For 25 years of service. |
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Military medal number 40. | For 10 years of service. |
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Military medal number 41. | Service abroad. |
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Military medal No. 42. | Participation in actions to combat maritime piracy. |
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Military medal No. 43. | Participation in the elimination of large-scale disasters in Japan. |
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Military medal number 44. | Contribution to international activities. Participation in peacekeeping operations. |
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Military medal No. 45. | Contribution to international activities. Fulfillment of tasks in accordance with the law "On Special Measures to Combat Terrorism". No longer awarded. |
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Military medal No. 46. | Contribution to international activities. Fulfillment of tasks under the Law on Special Measures for Assistance in the Reconstruction of Iraq. No longer awarded. |
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Military medal No. 47. | For military personnel of units who took part in important state events (parades, international sports competitions, mourning ceremonies in connection with the death of the emperor, etc.). |
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Military medal No. 48. | Participation in OBP events outside of Japan (for participation in exercises and maneuvers abroad). |
Wearing order
Wearing the Japanese Self-Defense Forces medal bars.
Planks are worn on the front and everyday form on the left side of the chest.
Place in the hierarchy of awards
The Japan Self-Defense Force medals are one of the few awards a modern day Japanese soldier can receive. In accordance with the practice established in Japan, military personnel are not awarded with state awards (six types of orders and medals) during their service. At the same time, the presentation of state awards is possible after the dismissal of servicemen from the self-defense forces.
On August 20, 1945, the last commander of the Kwantung Army, Otozo Yamada, surrendered to the Soviet troops, signing a surrender. Let us recall the combat path of this "invincible" army.
The combat history of the Kwantung Army begins with the Manchurian Incident of 1931. In general, initially the Kwantung Army (“Kwantung” is translated from Japanese as eastern in relation to the Great Wall of China) was created mainly to protect the railway lines in China outside the Japanese colonies. Gradually, this army becomes the most powerful military group of the Japanese Imperial Army in its entire history.
So, in 1931, the Kwantung Army was instructed to take Manchuria under complete control. The officers of the Kwantung Army, in turn, proposed to the Imperial Headquarters to carry out a series of provocations that would justify the Japanese offensive. For example, an explosion on a railway guarded by the Japanese. And just a few hours after the explosion, Japanese troops storm Chinese military units, put Chinese soldiers to flight. Manchuria became Japanese.
Medal with the image of Emperor Pu Yi - the ruler of Manchuria. This medal was awarded to all participants in the "liberation campaign" of the Kwantung Army.
Over the next few years, the Kwantung Army participates in operations of various scales in China. The Japanese command carried out the patronage of the puppet state of Manchukuo, whose government Tokyo tried to present as the only legitimate power in civil war China.
Medal with the flag of Manchukuo.
In 1933, the Kwantung Army carried out Operation Nekka, the purpose of which was the final subjugation of the northern Chinese provinces to the government of Manchukuo and the spread of Japanese influence in Inner Mongolia. The operation lasted exactly six months, from January to May. The most famous episode of this conflict was the battle for the Great Wall of China, some sections of which changed hands repeatedly.
The highest order of Manchukuo "Order of the Pillars of the State"
Award from the Japanese government "For the defense of Manchukuo"
On July 7, 1937, the "Marco Polo Bridge Incident" began the Japanese invasion of North China. On this day, Japanese troops, conducting maneuvers, fired at the Chinese garrison. The Chinese also responded with fire. A battle began, which lasted until July 9, after which a truce was concluded. However, the conflict did not end there. On July 14, the Japanese resumed hostilities, and on July 26 they presented the Chinese with an ultimatum to withdraw their troops from Beijing within 48 hours.
The Chinese authorities rejected this demand, and the next day (July 27, 1937) began, in fact, full-scale military operations that did not stop for 8 years, until the end of World War II. In accordance with the "tradition" they received from the Japanese militarists the name "Chinese Incident".
Medal "For the Chinese Incident"
When the large-scale Sino-Japanese war began in 1937, units of the Kwantung Army had been in a state of combat of varying degrees of intensity for six years, which turned the army in Manchuria into the most prestigious part of the Imperial Army.
Many Japanese officers dreamed of starting military career specifically in Manchuria, as this guaranteed a quick career. As a result, the Kwantung Army became a kind of incubator for the Japanese officer corps on the eve of the outbreak of World War II. The prestige of the Kwantung Army was little affected even by the unsuccessfully carried out operations in Soviet troops near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin-Gol River.
Medal of Veterans of the Imperial Japanese Army - such "flowers" in the buttonholes were received by officers who served in combat conditions for at least 6 years.
An officer's medal, the name of which can be translated as "For courage in battle."
Japanese soldier's medal for participation in the battles in Manchuria. Only fighters of the Kwantung Army were awarded.
Medal from the government of Manchukuo for combatants in Manchuria.
Medal for the battles at Khalkhin Gol
The fighting on Khalkhin Gol is a local armed conflict that lasted from spring to autumn 1939 near the Khalkhin Gol River in Mongolian territory near the border with Manchukuo between the USSR, the MPR on the one hand and the Japanese Empire and Manchukuo on the other. The final battle took place in the last days of August and ended with the complete defeat of the 6th separate army of Japan. The armistice between the USSR and Japan was concluded on September 16, 1939.
According to official Soviet data, the losses of the Japanese-Manchurian troops during the fighting from May to September 1939 amounted to more than 61 thousand people. killed, wounded and taken prisoner (of which about 20 thousand are officially declared losses of the Kwantung Army). The Soviet-Mongolian troops lost 9831 Soviet (together with the wounded - more than 17 thousand) and 895 Mongolian soldiers.
Japanese Order of the Red Cross Society, which helped the wounded.
Red Cross medal from the government of Manchukuo.
Rare badge of the participant of the Russian-Japanese sports games. The fact is that a large Russian community lived in Harbin in those years, and many former officers of the White Army began to cooperate with the Japanese occupation authorities.
Toy soldier of the Kwantung Army.
The number of the Kwantung grouping on the eve of World War II was constantly increasing. When Japan declared war on the United States in December 1941, 1.32 million soldiers were concentrated in northeast China. Since Japan abandoned plans to invade the USSR and focused on the war with the United States, the most combat-ready units began to be withdrawn from the Kwantung Army.
The result of these decisions of the Japanese command was the reduction in the strength of the group to 600 thousand soldiers (11% of the 5.5 million Japanese army). And now, for the most part, these were not experienced, battle-hardened soldiers, but recruits who were transferred from the beginning of 1945 to Manchuria, foreseeing the imminent invasion of the USSR.
Most of the modern military equipment was also withdrawn from the Kwantung Army long before 1945.
Medal of a participant in combat operations in the Great East Asian War (this is how the Second World War was called in Japan).
In August 1945, the USSR declared war on Japan and launched an invasion of Manchuria.
Armament of soldiers and officers of the Kwantung Army
August 9, 1945, on the first day of the offensive Soviet army they had to overcome the most heavily fortified border areas. The troops of the 1st Far Eastern Front, striking from Primorye, broke through the strip of Japanese reinforced concrete fortifications and deepened into enemy territory up to 15 km, and the formations of the 2nd Far Eastern Front, having forced the Amur and Ussuri rivers with battle, captured bridgeheads on the right bank of the Amur. Even greater success was achieved by the troops of the Trans-Baikal Front, who stormed the Manchu-Chzhalaynorsky fortified region.
Award set for sake. It was distributed to officers who showed courage in battle.
On August 10, the government of the Mongolian People's Republic joined the Soviet government's statement of August 8 and declared war on Japan.
Sailor Pacific Fleet next to a dead Japanese soldier in a forest on Sakhalin.
On August 11, the People's Liberation Army of China also intensified fighting against the Japanese invaders. As a result of the first powerful blow by the Soviet Army, the very next day after the start of hostilities, the Japanese government announced through the Soviet ambassador in Tokyo that it was ready to accept the terms of the declaration of July 2 (3), calling on it to unconditional surrender. However, the Japanese command did not give an order to its armed forces to lay down their arms, and the Soviet troops, crushing the resisting enemy, continued to carry out the tasks previously assigned to them.
Loading a torpedo with the inscription "Death to the Samurai!" on the Soviet submarine of the Pacific Fleet of the "Pike" type.
Despite the fierce resistance of the enemy, who used the advantages of the mountainous and wooded terrain and tried with all his might to delay the advance of the Soviet armies, his pace grew more and more every day. And as a result of the first five days of the offensive of the Soviet Army, the Japanese fortifications in Manchuria were broken through.
Soviet troops dismembered the Kwantung Army and by rapid advance in all directions did not give the enemy the opportunity to organize consistent resistance on the river and mountain lines.
Colonel of the Red Army with surrendered soldiers of the Japanese army.
On August 19, Japanese troops almost everywhere began to surrender. In order to accelerate this process, to prevent them from evacuating or destroying material values, airborne assault forces were landed in Harbin, Mukden, Changchun, Girin, Port Arthur, Far, Pyongyang, Kanko (Hamhung) and other cities.
Japanese merchants prepared for the arrival of Soviet soldiers by preparing posters with inscriptions in Russian.
Taking under guard Japanese warehouses in the zone of operations of the 53rd Army of the Trans-Baikal Front in the vicinity of the Chinese city of Fuxin.
Immediately after the signing of the surrender of Japan on September 2, 1945 and the end of hostilities, it was decided to take under the protection of the Soviet troops numerous military depots with food, weapons and other property located in China.
Negotiations between the Soviet command and representatives of the headquarters of the Kwantung Army on the terms of the surrender of Japanese troops.
On August 20, the last commander of the Kwantung Army, Otozo Yamada, signed the surrender. After the defeat in Manchuria, Japan no longer had significant forces left to conduct operations outside the country.
The sword of the commander of the Kwantung Army (photo from the Museum of the Kwantung Army in Port Arthur)
War flag of the Imperial Japanese Army.
Banner of the Kwantung Army.
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