V. The procedure for conferring military ranks and reinstatement in military rank

A reserve soldier will be able, remaining "in civilian life", to rise to the rank of colonel. For the first time in the history of the Russian Ministry of Defense, special attestation commissions will be created at the military registration and enlistment offices. It is they who will decide whether the candidate is worthy of receiving another star for shoulder straps. In doing so, the commission will take into account military education, state of health, moral and business qualities of the applicant. According to experts, the new approach will encourage reserve servicemen to improve their skills.

As Izvestia was told in the military department, the order of the Minister of Defense "On the procedure for conducting certification for assignment military ranks citizens who are in the reserve of the Armed Forces Russian Federation' is already in effect. The new document united and streamlined the requirements for reserve officers applying for the next military rank.

Attestation commissions will appear at republican, regional and regional military registration and enlistment offices. Their meetings will be held quarterly. Each commission will include four employees of the relevant commissariat and one representative of state authorities.

All reserve officers will be divided into two categories - those assigned to a military unit and those who are generally registered with the military registration and enlistment office. The first will be included in the list of candidates for promotion automatically. In the event of a mobilization announcement, these officers must appear at a certain military unit where they already have a position.

The “reserve”, who is on the general register in the military registration and enlistment office, will also be able to receive the next rank. But for this he needs to write an appropriate application. The question will be submitted for consideration by one of the attestation commissions. She will make a decision after the completion of the officer's tenure in the current military rank.

The easiest way would be to become a senior lieutenant. To do this, it is enough to get a positive conclusion from the attestation commission and undergo a medical examination. From the captain and above, the procedure for conferring the next rank becomes much more complicated. The candidate will have to go through fees and retraining. According to their results, you will have to pass tests.

The legislation specifies the minimum time intervals between the assignment of the next military rank. So, a senior lieutenant in four years will be able to become a captain. The major will have to wait five years for the rank of lieutenant colonel. A reserve officer can only rise to the rank of colonel.

At the same time, reserve servicemen will now be awarded extraordinary ranks. Thus, the department is going to give them an incentive to improve their skills. Here, a personal decision for each officer will be made by the Minister of Defense .

The new rules provide for measures against abuse in the military registration and enlistment offices, Oleg Zherdev, the founder of the Russian association of lawyers of law enforcement agencies Guards, told Izvestia.

The appearance of a civilian official in the attestation commissions should reduce cases of abuse of office to a minimum, the expert said. - And if the commission refuses to assign the next rank, the officer will be able to appeal this decision in court.

The reserve includes officers who are not in active military service. Due to the "reserves" the mobilization capabilities of the state increase in the event of a large-scale war. Often they are confused with retired officers who have ceased to be liable for military service due to age, health status or other reasons.

Story: graduated from the military department and received the military rank of lieutenant of the reserve in 2012, at the beginning of 2013 he received a military card of a reserve officer at the military registration and enlistment office. I have an excellent testimonial from the military department, all exams during training and graduation passed with excellent marks.
When I was at the military registration and enlistment office, I asked the head of the department for registering reserve officers (I don’t remember exactly what this department is called), then - lieutenant colonel, whether the military rank of "senior lieutenant" will be awarded to me 3 years after the military rank of "lieutenant" is awarded. I referred to article 24 of the Regulations on the procedure for performing military service ( Article 24):
3. To stay in the reserve in the following military ranks, the terms are established:
…
h) senior lieutenant - three years;
7. The next military rank may be awarded to a citizen who is in the reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:
a) up to and including the senior lieutenant - with a positive attestation;
And also to the fact that my father, also a reserve officer, was awarded the military rank of “senior lieutenant” in the late 80s 3 years after being awarded the rank of “lieutenant” and without going through the training camp.
The lieutenant colonel replied that without going through military training at the moment, the assignment of the next ranks to reserve officers is not carried out. Hence the first question - is it true that 1. assignment of the next rank to reserve officers, including the title of "senior lieutenant" is carried out only after passing the training camp?
Then I asked him about the military training camp, and he answered me that even when passing the training camp, the rank is awarded only if I receive a positive motivated reference from the head of the training camp and an indication that I am worthy of the next military rank. It is not clear how well the leadership of the military training camps of officers who pass them can evaluate in 2-3 weeks and make a positive decision. In this regard, the question arises: 2. How difficult is it to get a positive reference with a referral to the assignment of the next military rank during the training camp? What is the proportion of citizens who receive a positive reference What is the practice on this issue
Now I am a student of the magistracy and therefore I am exempted from fees. But in the summer I will have time, and I am ready to go to the training camp. 3. Is it possible to go to the training camp, being a student (that is, as if forgetting about it and not telling the military registration and enlistment office). If this is found out in the GUK MO, can this have negative consequences in the form of a refusal to award the next rank?
There are also additional restrictions on passing fees: for example, citizens cannot be called up for them more often than once every 3 years. 4. Is it possible to violate them of your own free will, that is, to come to the military registration and enlistment office and ask for training, even if less than 3 years have passed since the previous ones?
In order to receive the next rank, the fees must be completed in a position for which the desired rank is required according to the staffing table. The lieutenant colonel assured me that the rank of "senior lieutenant" would be easy to obtain in this way, and then it might be more difficult with positions. 5. What are the practical limits to growth in military rank for reserve officers? Is it possible in practice to obtain the ranks of "major", "lieutenant colonel" and "colonel" in this way?
Please be as careful as possible when answering. practices and practical opportunities, because I have already studied the regulatory legal acts on this issue quite well on my own and can almost work as a lawyer in this specialization. :) Thank you all in advance for your answers!
Added after 17 minutes
Yes, in addition to question 2. Is it difficult to pass tests and exams at the training camp at a level that would be enough to award the next title?

Military rank is an integral part of any army, and this also applies to the Russian Armed Forces. The introduction of a system of military ranks made it possible to draw a clear line between soldiers, officers and senior command personnel, which makes it possible to observe interpersonal subordination and order in the Russian army. This is important not only in peacetime, but especially during hostilities.

The history of the origin of military ranks

For the first time, military ranks and positions appeared in the Russian kingdom in the 16th-17th centuries. The system of army unity of command affected only the archery troops. In the rest of the army, the ranks of the state, that is, civil, service were preserved, right up to the moment of reorganization into regiments of the new system.

In the archery regiment there was a system of military ranks, which varied depending on the number of subordinates (foreman, Pentecostal, centurion, and so on).

Later, in the regiments of the new order, the ranks underwent major changes and began to be called in the Western European manner (starting from warrant officer and lieutenant, ending with lieutenant general and general).

Such a system is very similar to the current design of Russian military ranks.

In 1722, the nomenclature of military ranks greatly expanded, due to which there was a division between the rank and position of an officer.

This arrangement continued until 1917. It underwent significant changes after the communists came to power, and in the Soviet Union the ranks were replaced by the positions of Soviet officers.

On September 22, 1935, military ranks were introduced by decree of the Central Executive Committee. In order to avoid associations with the White Army, some ranks were changed (for example, the general was changed to divisional commander, brigade commander). Later, in 1940, the general and admiral ranks were returned, and already in 1972 the ranks of "ensign" and "midshipman" would be introduced.

The system of military ranks that operates at the present time is a legacy of the multifaceted history of Russia, and in particular, Soviet Union.

Subordination in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

The vital activity of the army largely depends on the existing relationships in the team. A team that is mired in conflicts cannot carry out appropriate combat training activities. Whereas the company, where friendship and mutual support reigns, copes with this perfectly. The commander of the military group must always remember this.

However, this is a double-edged sword: military personnel are obliged to do what the higher authorities order (if this does not contradict the military regulations and current legislation). Few want to experience the hardships of service. And military service obliges the soldier to this.

For this, charters have been introduced in the armed units. military service which a soldier, entering the service and taking an oath, undertakes to fulfill. Charter internal service The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation regulate the relationship between soldiers and officers: unity of command and subordination, tact and restraint, mutual respect, collectivism, which are the basic principles of this document.

The disciplinary charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation defines the main essence of the discipline of a serviceman, his rights and obligations, types of incentives and disciplinary sanctions, the rights and obligations of the commander for their use, the rules for filing complaints, applications and proposals.

The statutory rules for the relationship between military personnel entering guard, garrison and commandant service are regulated by the relevant regulations of the Armed Forces that exist to control compliance with this type of military service. Building rules and order military salute determines the Construction Regulations.

Compliance with the statutory relationships lies with each soldier in particular and the team as a whole. In particular, this should be monitored by the commanding part of the garrison. Therefore, the officer is vested with special powers to control the discipline and order of service of his subordinates.

Responsibility for violation of statutory relationships

Depending on the nature and severity of the offense, a serviceman may incur disciplinary, administrative, civil or even criminal liability (Article 28 of the Federal Law "On the Status of Servicemen").

For violation of discipline or public order, the military will be punished in accordance with the Disciplinary Regulations. The acting commander can make both a remark and a reminder about it and conduct a disciplinary sanction. It depends on the degree of guilt and the severity of the offense committed. Also, the boss may see signs of a crime in the actions of a subordinate, which will have to be reported, which, in turn, will conduct an investigation.

Statutory relationships between soldiers are protected by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and current legislation. The threat of criminal punishment occurs if the soldier:

exceeded official powers;
did not comply with the order;
resisted the commander or forced him to violate his military duties;
insulted another soldier or inflicted bodily harm on him.

Complex form - psychological impact and educational work, will be able to strengthen the morale of the soldiers and warn them against violating the statutory rules of relations.

The value of military rank in the Armed Forces

Military ranks cannot be considered only from the angle of the fact of encouraging a soldier. They are issued to the most prepared, disciplined and responsible of those serving, since it is they who are responsible for commanding personnel.

Rank is an important component of the Armed Forces. But it is worth remembering that the position occupied by the latter is decisive in the primacy between the subordinate and the boss.

The rank can be understood as a kind of service skill, corresponding to which a soldier or officer is awarded certain powers and privileges. The military rank is issued solely for services to the Fatherland, which allows you to divide decent military personnel and not so much in the army.

At the moment, there are two types of ranks in the army of the Russian Federation:

combined arms;
ship.

The first are assigned to persons serving in the infantry and air force ranks of the troops. The latter belong to the military who serve in the Russian Navy. Required attribute rank is the type of armed forces in which a person is located. For example, a serving colonel in the guards unit is assigned to the rank of the addition of "guards", that is, "guards colonel". For people who are assigned to legal or medical units, the concept of "justice" or "medical service" is added to the rank, respectively.

When a soldier retires or leaves, his rank is retained, but at the same time accompanying definition will be "retired" (retired captain or retired colonel).

The procedure for conferring military ranks

To obtain the next rank, you must voluntarily enter the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, join by conscription or graduate from a special higher Educational establishment.

Service life also plays an important role in the awarding of military ranks to military personnel. After serving a certain period, a soldier receives the next rank. Within the framework of his authority, an official can also assign a title if he considers it necessary.

Persons liable for military service, for whom sergeant and foreman ranks are provided, they are issued based on the results of successful completion of service training.

The assignment of military ranks by presidential decree is also possible, but for this officer to be presented by his current superior, reporting on this.

Obtaining regular military ranks

For enlisted personnel, in order to receive the next rank, it will be necessary to serve a certain period of time.

senior soldier or sailor - 5 months;
junior sergeant - 1 year;
sergeant - 2 years;
and ensign - 3 years.

During this period, the service of a soldier should take place without disciplinary sanctions, and the rank will be awarded only after passing the test according to the service program.

The next rank assigned to the officers also depends on the period of service. The terms for conferring military ranks to officers are calculated in years. The higher the position and rank, the more time it will take to get a new one:

for a "junior lieutenant" this period is two years;
the assignment of the military rank of "lieutenant" and "senior lieutenant" occurs after three years of service;
four years will be required to obtain a "captain" ("lieutenant commander") and a "major" ("captain of the 3rd rank");
"lieutenant colonel" or "captain 2nd rank" can only be obtained after five years of service.

Who is not assigned the next military ranks?

Stars on shoulder straps do not shine for military officers if they:

were involved as an accused in a criminal case or it was initiated against them (before the end of the proceedings);
are at the disposal of the chief (commander);
committed a disciplinary offense (before the application of a measure of responsibility);
submitted for early dismissal under Art. 51 Federal;
checked for accuracy and completeness of information on income and expenses, on property and property obligations;
suspended military service;
stay in places of detention and serve a criminal sentence;
the conviction has not been expunged.

Assignment of an extraordinary military rank

In addition to the refusal to receive the next military rank, as part of the award, soldiers or officers can be assigned to an extraordinary rank.

You can get the coveted stars for shoulder straps ahead of time only by decision of the leadership in whose department the soldier is serving. This happens very rarely, because the dominant person performs such actions only at his own discretion.

If an officer or soldier participated in special operations, showed himself during emergency, his subordinates showed excellent results in training and combat training, then as an encouragement, the current commander can assign him an extraordinary military rank.

Deprivation of the title

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation have a system of rewards and punishments for their subordinates. A serviceman can not only be deprived of the next rank, but also lowered in the existing one.

This happens in grave and especially grave misconduct on the part of the military, of which only the court can accuse him. After a guilty verdict is passed, the military may be demoted and deprived of existing social benefits and privileges.

After the repayment of a criminal record in the rank and position, you can be restored by submitting an appropriate application to the military registration and enlistment office. However, there is no guarantee that the Armed Forces will accept a former soldier back to the same position and in the same rank.

If an officer or soldier was convicted unfairly, then after rehabilitation he will be automatically reinstated in position and rank.

Military rank is an integral attribute of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the history of which can be traced back to the beginning of the 16th century. The assignment of a military rank can be either regular (after the expiration of a certain period of service) or extraordinary (for special services to the Fatherland and the quality of service).

In the process of serving, the military must observe strict subordination, the violation of which may result in liability, up to criminal liability, depending on the severity of the offense committed. After a guilty verdict is passed, a serviceman may be demoted in rank and deprived of his position, which is not easy to restore. A responsible attitude to military duties is the key to a healthy army.

Military ranks in the army occupy a very important place, thanks to this division, subordination between military personnel is observed. According to the ranks, the soldier has more powers and opportunities. There is a regulated procedure for conferring military ranks, compliance with which is mandatory.

How are ranks awarded in the army?

There are two groups of ranks in the Russian army: ship ranks and ranks related to general troops. The procedure for assigning regular military ranks to combined arms servicemen applies to military personnel serving in ground forces and other military units. Ship ranks have military personnel serving in the Navy.

When serving in the guards units or as part of the navy, the military rank has the prefix "guards". For the military medical service or those associated with justice, the prefixes “med. service" and "justice". In addition, the assigned ranks remain with the soldier for life. Even after taking a well-deserved rest. In this case, the addition "retired" is assigned.

The basis for conferring a military rank in the Russian army is:

Call for service in the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for military service or under a contract.
Receipt military specialty after graduating from a secondary military educational institution or academy.
The deadline for receiving the right to the next increase.
Early promotion.
Obtaining a position in which it is required to have the required rank.
Passing tests, in which there is an opportunity to receive a promotion.

What are the deadlines for assignment

All available ranks in the Russian army are divided into three large groups, which differ in the rules for their assignment.
The main groups of military personnel include:

ordinary composition;
sergeants and foremen;
officer staff.

To make the next increase, there are certain deadlines for conferring military ranks, these periods are very clearly observed, the only exception can be receiving a promotion ahead of time, for certain reasons. To advance through each successive step in military career given its deadline prescribed in the documents.

The minimum period is required to increase the rank and file, in this case it is 5 months. Other groups of military personnel are assigned regular promotions, according to regulatory documents, but in them the account goes already for a year. The colonel has the longest waiting period for the next military rank, it is 5 years.

The procedure for conferring the next military rank depends not only on the time spent by a serviceman in the ranks of the armed forces of the Russian army, but also on a specific position, according to which a military rank can be assigned. A military man can be an ensign for the entire service and so retire if he does not transfer to another position and does not have the appropriate education.

After passing such fees, an attestation commission is held. By decision of the commission, another promotion is assigned. To do this, you need to show yourself with the best side and be in good physical condition.

Deprivation of the rank in the army

The Russian army uses a system of rewards and punishments. In addition to conferring a rank to encourage personnel for service, they can also apply the penalty of deprivation of military rank.