(Republic of Armenia)
Geographical position. Armenia is a state in the Transcaucasian region of Western Asia. It borders on Georgia in the north, Azerbaijan in the east, and Turkey in the west and south.
Square. The territory of Armenia occupies 29,800 sq. km.
main cities, Administrative division. The capital of Armenia is Yerevan. Largest cities: Yerevan (1,305 thousand people), Kumayri (123 thousand people). The country is divided into 11 regions (mazrov).
Political system
Armenia-republic. The head of state is the president, the head of government is the prime minister. The legislative body is the Supreme Council.
Relief. Armenia is located on the Armenian plateau, the average height of which is about 1,800 m above sea level (the highest point is Mount Ararat - 4,090 m). Numerous mountain ranges of the Lesser Caucasus Range pass through the country.
Geological structure and minerals. The bowels of the country contain rich reserves of building stone, as well as small reserves of gold, molybdenum, copper, and zinc.
Climate. The climate is continental. In the foothills, the average temperature in July is 24-26°С, in January -5°С, precipitation is 200-400 mm per year; in mountainous areas - July 18-20°C, January -2 to -14°C, precipitation up to 500 mm.
Inland waters. The main river is Arak, The deepest lake is the alpine Lake Sevan, up to 86 m deep and with an area of more than 1,200 sq. km.
Soils and vegetation. In the mountains - broad-leaved forests, alpine meadows.
Animal world. In the Khosrov Reserve, you can see wild boars, jackals, lynxes and Syrian bears, and in the Dilijan Reserve, roe deer, brown bear, and marten live.
Population and language
The population of the republic is about 3.421 million people; 93% of the population are Armenians. National minorities: Azerbaijanis, Russians, Kurds, Ukrainians, Georgians and Greeks. Languages: Armenian (state), Russian.
Religion
Armenian Apostolic (Orthodox) Church, Russian Orthodox Church.
Brief historical outline
In the ninth century BC e. On the territory of modern Armenia, the slave state of Urartu was formed. It had its own script, which was based on the Assyrian cuneiform. The onslaught of the Scythians led in the VI century. BC e. to the fall of Urartu.
In the III century. BC e. the state of Greater Armenia is being formed, it reaches its greatest power under Tigran I (95-56 BC), who finally united all the Armenian lands and annexed the territories of Syria and Mesopotamia to his state.
In the second half of the III century. n. e. Armenia fell under the influence of Iran.
In 301 Armenia becomes a Christian state. In 387 Armenia was divided between Byzantium and Iran.
In the middle of the XI century. Seljuk Turks invaded the territory of Armenia. By 1065 they conquer the whole country, brutally exterminating the population.
Numerous princely families did not leave attempts to unite, and in the XII century. under the rule of the Rubenids, the Cilician Armenian kingdom was formed. It reached its peak under Levon II (1187-1219).
In 1375 the Mamluks took over the country. At the end of the XIV century. Armenia was heavily devastated by the troops of Tokhtamysh, and then Timur. At that time, the importance of the Ararat region and the city of Yerevan as the center of the country rose, which was also facilitated by the transfer in 1441 of the throne of the Catholicos of all Armenians to Etchmiadzin (near Yerevan).
In 1801-1828. all scattered parts of Armenia became part of Russian Empire. However, according to the Andrianopol peace treaty (1829), most of these territories were ceded to Turkey.
During World War I, the Turkish government, which was pursuing a policy of genocide against Armenians, issued a special order to the local authorities to carry out mass extermination of the Armenian population. More than one and a half million Armenians were destroyed, about 600 thousand were driven away in the steppes of Mesopotamia, 300 thousand found refuge in Russia.
November 29, 1920 Armenia was proclaimed the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1922, it became part of the ZSFSR, and in 1936, it became part of the USSR. Independence was declared on September 23, 1991.
Brief economic essay
Leading industries: mechanical engineering and metalworking, chemical and petrochemical, non-ferrous metallurgy, production of building materials, including on the basis of the development of deposits of multi-colored tuffs, perlites, limestones, granite and marble. Food (including fruit canning, essential oil, wine and cognac, tobacco, bottling mineral waters), light industry. Importance have fruit growing and viticulture. Potatoes, vegetables, tobacco, geraniums, and sugar beets are cultivated. Animal husbandry is mainly dairy and meat. Network of gas pipelines. Resorts: Arzni, Jermuk, Dilijan, Tsaghkadzor, etc.
The monetary unit is the dram.
A Brief Outline of Culture
Art and architecture. The main sights of the country are located in Yerevan and Kumayri, where you can see a large number of ancient Armenian temples. Yerevan also hosts a botanical garden and a zoo; ruins of a Roman fortress; Turkish fort of the 16th century and the mosque of the XVIII century, the churches of Katoghike (XIII century) and Zoravar (XVII-XVIII centuries). There are 15 different museums in Yerevan.
The science. V. Ambartsumyan (1908-1996) - one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics.
Literature. X. Abovyan (1809-1948) - writer and educator, founder of new Armenian literature and new literary language(the novel "Wounds of Armenia", etc.).
Music. N. Tigranyan (1856-1951) - composer, one of the founders of national Armenian piano music.
Armenia is one of the most ancient states of the Transcaucasus, known for both original architectural monuments and amazing nature. Many tourists come here because of the healing mineral springs, others are interested in seeing the cradle of Christianity: according to legend, it originated here.
Information about the state
- Giant Mount Ararat circumference of about 40 km. Although Mount Ararat belongs to the territory of Turkey, the most beautiful views of its peaks open from Armenia;
- Big Cascade in Yerevan - a majestic building with numerous stairs, fountains and sculptures;
- Blue Mosque- the only Muslim religious building in the capital of the country;
- House Museum of Aram Khachaturian where the great Armenian composer lived;
- Historical Museum of Armenia, whose exhibitions will tell a lot of interesting things about the past of the state;
- Erebuni Fortress in Yerevan, built more than two centuries before the beginning of our era;
- Monasteries Haghpat (Lori region), Tatev (Syunik region), Khor Virap (near the city of Artashat), impressive with ancient architecture.
Armenia perfect fit both for eco-tourists who are passionate about nature, and for connoisseurs of ancient cultural heritage and the bustle of big cities.
Armenia is a country in the Caucasus. satellite map Armenia shows that the country borders on Azerbaijan, Iran, Georgia, Turkey and the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. There is no access to the sea. The area of the country is 29,743 sq. km.
Armenia is divided into ten regions and the city of Yerevan. The largest cities of the country: Yerevan (capital), Gyumri, Vanadzor, Vagharshapat and Hrazdan.
Today, Armenia is an agro-industrial country with a rapidly developing economy. The country's economy is based on services, industry and agriculture. The country has a rich supply of minerals, including ores and precious metals. The main industries are mining, manufacturing and energy. The national currency is the Armenian dram.
Tatev Monastery
Brief history of Armenia
IV-II centuries. BC e. – independent territory, several Armenian principalities, Greater Armenia
2nd century BC e. – Greater Armenia conquered by the Seleucids, then by the Romans, independence from the Roman Empire
301 - adoption of Christianity
VII-IX centuries - Armenia under the rule of the Arab Caliphate
885 - independent Armenian kingdom
XI century - conquered by the Byzantines, and then the Seljuk Turks
1198-1375 – Armenian kingdom
XVI-XVIII centuries – devastating wars, constant redistribution of territory, resettlement of the Armenian population to Iran
Lake Sevan
XIX century - part of the territory of Armenia is part of the Russian Empire
1915 - The Ottoman Empire organizes the persecution of Christians, the Armenian genocide
1918 - formation of the Republic of Armenia
1920 - Armenian-Turkish war
1922-1991 – Armenia is part of the USSR as the Armenian SSR
1991 - independence from the USSR, creation of the Republic of Armenia
Yerevan and Mount Ararat
Sights of Armenia
On a detailed satellite map of Armenia, you can see some natural attractions: Lake Sevan, Khosrov Reserve, Mount Aragats (4095 m) and the Araks River. Among the natural monuments of Armenia are the Ararat valley, Khustup and Paravakar mountains, Kari and Parz Lich lakes, Jermuk and Shaki waterfalls, Garni gorge and Azat river.
Armenia is often called an open-air museum due to the huge number of architectural monuments, including monuments of the Christian and pre-Christian eras. Among the main attractions of the country are the ruins of the Urartian cities of Teishebaini and Erebuni, the temple of Garni and the ruins of Armavir.
Temple of Garni
Among the monuments of Christian architecture are the monasteries of Khor Virap, Geghard, Haghpat, Tatev, Noravank and Sanahin, the cathedral in Vagharshapat, the ancient temple of Zvartnots and the monastery complex of Etchmiadzin.
The resort towns of Jermuk, Tsaghkadzor, Dilijan, Arzni are very popular with tourists. Every year, thousands of tourists come to the mineral springs in Sisian Meghri and Kajaran.
Note to the tourist
Gulrypsh - holiday destination for celebrities
There is an urban-type settlement Gulrypsh on the Black Sea coast of Abkhazia, the appearance of which is closely connected with the name of the Russian philanthropist Nikolai Nikolaevich Smetsky. In 1989, due to the illness of his wife, they needed to change the climate. Case decided the case.Satellite map of Armenia. Explore the satellite map of Armenia online in real time. detailed map Armenia was created on the basis of high-resolution satellite images. As close as possible, the satellite map of Armenia allows you to explore in detail the streets, individual houses and sights of Armenia. The map of Armenia from the satellite easily switches to the normal map mode (scheme).
Armenia- one of the oldest states of the Transcaucasian region, located between the Caspian and Black Seas. The capital is the city of Yerevan. Official language Armenia - Armenian, but among modern Armenians, Russian is also widely used in various fields.
The relief of Armenia is mostly mountainous. This is the highest mountainous state in the Caucasus, since more than 90% of the country's territory is located at an altitude of over 1000 meters above sea level.
The typical climate of Armenia is Mediterranean tropical, but it can vary depending on the region and the altitude of the territory. For example, in the valleys of Armenia, summer is hot, around +30 C, and in winter time the air temperature is approximately +2 ... +5 C. It is much colder in the mountains. The higher, the lower the air temperature. Usually in the summer in the mountains it is +15 ... +24 C, and in winter from 0 C to -30C.
Since Armenia is a Christian country, a large number of various Christian monuments have still been preserved on its territory, which include ancient churches, monasteries, khachkars. Many of these monuments were built as early as the 4th-5th centuries BC. Armenia is also rich in ancient cities, which are the cradles of ancient states that are over 3000 years old. The nature of Armenia is also interesting and unique. These are mountain ranges, and deep gorges, lakes, waterfalls and large rivers.
Due to the fact that Armenia- this is a country of mountains, then the main places for recreation are ski resorts. One of the most famous resorts in the country is Tsaghkadzor. There are also mineral springs in Armenia, around which many boarding houses and sanatoriums are built, in which tourists come all year round for medical and recreational recreation. Ecotourism and recreation on the lakes are also gaining popularity in the country.
Armenia is an independent state located in the Transcaucasus, formerly one of the republics former USSR
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Armenia is located in the southern part of Transcaucasia. Geographical region - Western Asia and the north-east of the Armenian Highlands.
Has no access to the sea. Administratively, Armenia consists of 10 regions, 48 cities and more than 900 communities, mostly rural.
Largest cities: Gyumri, Vanadzor, Hrazdan, Armavir, Artashat, Kypan.
Capital of Armenia- the city of Yerevan.
Borders and area of Armenia
Common borders with Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Iran.
The area is 29,800 square kilometers.
Armenia map
Timezone
Population of Armenia
3.25 million people. Most (93%) are Armenians. Kurds (56 thousand), Russians (15 thousand), and other nationalities also live on the territory of Armenia. 69% - urban population.
Language
The state language is Armenian. Russian is also spoken everywhere.
Religion
The predominant part of the population professes Christianity and are followers of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
Finance
The official currency is the Armenian dram. Small change coins are called “luma”.
Medical care and insurance
The range of medicines in pharmacies is scarce, so stock up on the necessary medicines before the trip.
Mains voltage
220 volt. Frequency 50 Hz.
International dialing code of Armenia
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