In accordance with modern requirements, it seems impossible to use ICT at all stages of the lesson at once, this will lead to informational and educational overload, and is also not physiologically justified for elementary school students.
A teacher who uses new information technologies in his lessons must take into account the requirements of modern sanitary legislation (SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 "Hygienic requirements for video display terminals, personal electronic computers and organization of work").
For classes with children, it is permissible to use only such computer equipment that has a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the safety for the health of children. An important indicator of the effectiveness of a lesson using ICT is the mode training sessions. For children 6 years old, the norm should not exceed 10 minutes, and for children 7-10 years old - 15 minutes. The number of lessons using ICT is no more than 3-4 lessons per week.
The mode of training sessions using computer tools is presented in Table 3 (by).
Tab. 3
3. USE OF ICT IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE READING LESSONS IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOL.
3.3. Analysis of articles in the magazines "Primary School" and "Primary School Plus Before and After" for 2006-2010.
An analysis of the articles in the magazine "Primary School" and "Primary School Plus Before and After" over the past five years showed that primary school teachers use information and communication technologies in Russian language and literature classes in the following way.
In his article “First Place for the Computer”, he talks about how the use of new information technologies can transform the teaching of traditional educational subjects, rationalizing children's work, optimizing the processes of understanding and remembering educational material, and most importantly, arouse children's interest in learning. In the Russian language lessons, the teacher uses a variety of games, the computer solves the problem of lack of mobile visualization.
For example, the game "Throw the ball into the net"
shares his experience on how to quickly teach children independent work with voluminous texts, using the ability to highlight key words and phrases on the computer. So in the story of Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin “Tree Conversation”, children are invited to highlight figurative words and expressions in red. When getting acquainted with the work of K. Paustovsky “Badger Nose”, it is proposed to select and move to the right side the words that can describe the changing mood of the little badger.
According to the author, the computer is a powerful stimulus for the creativity of children, including the most infantile or disinhibited. On the screen, you can quickly perform transformations in the deformed text, turning disparate sentences into a coherent story. Children do not need to write, it is enough to work with the keyboard and mouse, which means that the fear of writing is removed.
The game "You are the editor."
Replace the underlined nouns with pronouns.
There is a bad reputation about the fox, as if a fox carries chickens. But in fact, rarely fox it succeeds. Often a fox hunting for mice. At foxes keen hearing. Only the mouse squeaks, the fox is already right there.
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Teachers A and in the article "The use of new information technologies in the classroom in elementary school" offer best practices for restoring the text.
Teachers tried to use information technology to somewhat change the approach to text work. Based on the integration of traditional lessons and informatics lessons, the boundaries of active and conscious activity of students are significantly expanded. At a Russian language lesson in grade 3, children are offered a text about a bear, presented in a Microsoft Word text editor, which was studied in computer science lessons in grade 2. The word "bear" is missing from the text. After reading the text, the children are asked to determine the genre of the work, the topic of the text, then the children try to insert the word bear into the text and come to the conclusion that the text turned out to be ugly, unliterary, since the word “bear” is often repeated. Children offer their own versions of words that can replace this word and type them on the computer in the document after the text. In a similar way, children come up with and design a series of headings for the text. After the work done, using the compiled list and the “Copy” operation, insert their options into the text. By structuring the lesson in this way, the authors solve several problems:
They realize the ability to collect material for the statement and save it (using it not only for this particular lesson, but also in subsequent forms of work);
- while maintaining a creative approach to creating a text, they practice the ability to repeatedly improve what is written, correcting the grammatical structure of the sentence and the style of the text;
- pay attention to the construction of each sentence, and not to the mechanical rewriting of it in a notebook.
Official documents of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Materials for the experiment on updating the content and structure primary education Federal state educational standard. New educational outcome The educational environment of the school. Developing educational environment Person-oriented education Organization of work on the Educational system "School 2100" Announcements, information Activity approach in education. Organization learning activities junior schoolchildren Working in elementary school educational systems The problem of succession and continuity of education Development of general educational skills Sanenko N.I. Information Technology and the formation of the ability to learn from younger students Age characteristics of younger students Adaptation of first graders to schooling Playing in the educational activities of younger students Work with gifted children Development of personal qualities of schoolchildren Preserving and strengthening the health of children and teachers. Healthy lifestyle Preschool and preschool education Literacy education Russian language, rhetoric, development of speech and communication skills Difficult questions of working with text in Russian language lessons (a selection of materials): Lessons literary reading and development of reading skills Children's reading. Articles about writers Rhetoric in preschool and school Lesson-holiday in rhetoric for the 4th grade History in elementary school Teaching mathematics Computer science and ICT Lessons of the world (natural science and social science). Environmental education Integrated extra-curricular activity in the 3rd grade Physical development and children's health. Physical education lessons Aesthetic education, upbringing and development Foreign language in elementary school Lessons of fine arts Lessons of technology Various forms of organization of the lesson. Integrated lessons Development of children's creative abilities Gymnasium education Problems of development and education of students Work with parents Materials to help the administration of the educational institution Monitoring, control and evaluation of the educational result Extracurricular activities Local history in elementary school Scenarios of holidays From the history of national education (pedagogical heritage) Scientific and practical conferences Conference materials School of Dialogue of Cultures Gender Approach in Education Personality of the teacher, professional growth and self-development Preparing the future teacher New textbooks Our congratulations Teacher's fate Primary school abroad Psychology and psychology at school Poets for children Group work extended day, extracurricular activities Work on the OS "School 2100" in primary and high school Problem-dialogical technology Literary creativity of our readers Project activity Educational research activities of students A review of the works of prominent psychologists Classroom activities KRO Pedagogical diagnostics Let's discuss Teaching economics in elementary school Educational technologies Rural ungraded school of the Olympiad, intellectual marathon Answers to letters Articles of laureates of the 1st All-Russian competition of student works on the development problems of the OS "School 2100"
Recently, on the pages of the magazine "Primary School" there has been an active discussion of an important trend in modern Russian education– informatization educational process in primary school. Its essence is the introduction of new information and communication technologies in educational activities educational institution. Your attention is invited to a brief review of the publications of the scientific and methodological journal "Primary School", dedicated to the informatization of primary education (2011-2013).
This problem is considered in the article by V.A. Zakharova, teachers primary school, school number 224, Moscow, "Interactive complexes in the educational process." The author introduces us to the possibilities of interactive systems: a computer, a multimedia projector and a Smart board. He draws attention to the fact that it is very important to use “such computer equipment that has a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on its safety for the health of children” when working, and when working with it, strictly comply with all the requirements of SanPiNs. He notes that working with an interactive whiteboard saves time, stimulates the development of mental and creative activity, improves the quality of education, educational material absorbed better and stronger. At the same time, the effectiveness of work depends on the degree of preparedness of the teacher and the ability to competently use this complex in his work.
Further, the author offers us the types of work carried out in the lessons of the Russian language and mathematics, where he notes the particular effectiveness of using ICT tools in solving equations, conducting mathematical dictations, working with an interactive dictionary, mentions a form of tasks that allows students to prepare for exams in the format USE.
In the article by A.V. Ignatenko, primary school teacher, school No. 29, Smolensk, "Information environment and the development of communication skills of younger students" highlights the need to use ICT in the development of communication skills of primary school students.
Despite the fact that the information activity of younger schoolchildren is growing, and almost all schools, thanks to integrated informatization, have a material and technical base, in Russia, the author believes, the informatization of primary education has not yet received a systematic solution. At the same time, the author notes, there are a number of contradictions between the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the IEO and the insufficient level of use of ICT at the initial level. And he offers to briefly get acquainted with the positive experience of working on the development of communication skills using ICT tools in his educational institution.
The author recommends a comprehensive approach to this problem, having studied the possible risks, and the teacher, guided by hygiene standards, carefully consider the intensity of training sessions using computer technology.
Of particular interest, in our opinion, is the article N.S. Kudakova , candidate pedagogical sciences, associate professor of Nizhny Novgorod state university them. N.I. Lobachevsky (Arzamas branch) and D.I. Zagorodny , primary school teacher, Krasnoselskaya school, Arzamas district,"Distance learning of younger students".
In this article, the authors say that in modern conditions the role of the student as a consumer is changing educational information, there is a great opportunity for independent search, analysis, processing, production and transmission. That is why you should pay attention to distance learning in the lower grades. At the same time, according to the authors, it is necessary to take into account the fact that distance learning is not intended to completely remove the teacher from the student, but is applicable only in certain cases when the student for some reason cannot attend the educational institution.
First, it is important to remember about sanitary standards. Secondly, it is necessary to show the student that the computer is a means of obtaining and exchanging information. Thanks to the use of computer graphics, visual material stimulates the student's intellectually active transforming activity, the images become emotionally colored, which means they are durable and will remain in memory more long time. And such information is better to understand and remember. Thirdly, the pages of the site should not be a complete analogue or alternative to a school textbook. The material should gradually complement the book. Differentiated work using Internet sites allows you to captivate the student with the subject, offering tasks of increased difficulty, various quizzes and questions for olympiads. Monitoring their performance allows you to identify thinking students who are able to offer their own way and move away from the traditional way of solving the problem. Fourth, given the age of the student, it is necessary to minimize the use of the keyboard.
In addition, the authors suggest that you familiarize yourself with the implementation of these rules on their website, which is constantly updated and available for viewing. They introduce the site menu device and give an example of a fragment of one of its pages.
And one more article, which we will consider in the framework of this publication, "Information technology as the core of the class development program», authorA.A. Musina , primary school teacher, gymnasium No. 33, Perm. The main purpose of the article, in our opinion, is to show that the basis educational practice more complex forms of social relations will lie in the near future. At the same time, the set of information and computer competencies of the teacher should change qualitatively and meaningfully.
For children born surrounded by computers, game consoles, video cameras, cell phones and the Internet, the digital world has become an integral part of the surrounding reality. And it depends on the teacher whether this environment will become a development resource. Despite the fact that pedagogy has already accumulated experience in the teacher's understanding of the problems educational work at school in the conditions of the modern information environment, the author emphasizes that “at present, neither the concept of teaching computer science and information technology has been created in the context of the formation metasubject results development of the main educational program elementary general education as a key requirement of the Federal State Educational Standard, nor the methods corresponding to it. The author suggests that the classroom development program can become a model for managing an ICT-saturated environment, the main characteristic of which today is not only the inclusion of computer technologies in various primary school subjects, but also the expansion of the range of available sources of information.
Further in the article there is an acquaintance with the program of formation and development of the class, which combines several blocks: educational, developing and individualization block. We are explained the tasks of each block, while explaining the role of the teacher and students. The author believes that the class development model presented by him organically fits into the educational environment educational institution, makes the most of the existing conditions and enriches it with new opportunities.
Summing up all the above, I would like to hope that in the coming years, information and communication technologies will firmly enter the lives of teachers and help make learning more interesting and exciting.
Bibliography
1. Zakharova V.A. Interactive complexes in the educational process//Primary school. - 2011. No. 1. – P.64-65.
2. Ignatenko A.V. Information Environment and Development of Communication Skills of a Primary School Student // Elementary School. - 2013. No. 5. – P.58-60.
3. Kudakova N.S., Zagorodnyaya D.I. Distance learning for younger students// Primary School. - 2013. No. 5. - P.15-18.
4. Musina A.A. Information technology as the core of class development//Primary school. - 2012. No. 4. – P.87-90.
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On May 31, the last day of spring, an unusual and wonderful event took place in our city. In Severomorsk, for the first time, it was discovered time cafe– modern, non-standard space for youth and teenagers.
Creative holidays and birthdays, computer and board games, film screenings and comics, competitions and a unique photo zone, tea, coffee and cookies and friendly communication await guests of the unusual cafe.
We invite young North Sea residents to the time cafe at the address: st. Flotskikh builders, house 5 (North Sea city library-branch No. 2).
The Mikhalkov Central Children's Library (Severomorsk, Golovko St., 5) offers a separate, well-equipped and equipped room (area 25 sq.m) for paid hourly events, courses, trainings.
Phone for information: 4 – 74 – 21
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