How to become a physical education teacher. What standards do students pass in physical education? Rules for conducting entrance examinations

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The once beloved lessons of our parents are not popular with today's youth. What should be the physical education of the XXI century? What are the children waiting for and what are the teachers capable of? Physical education lessons should contain entertainment and benefit at the same time. Only then is it possible to attract students to lessons physical education. This matter will have to be corrected by a new, young generation of teachers. Innovative teachers will keep up with the times, rely on innovations in the learning process, use modern technology and sports equipment.

Demand for the profession

Quite in demand

Representatives of the profession Physical education teachers are in high demand in the labor market. Despite the fact that universities graduate a large number of specialists in this field, many companies and many enterprises require qualified Physical education teachers.

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Description of activity

The uniqueness of the profession

Pretty common

The majority of respondents believe that the profession Physical education teachers can not be called rare, in our country it is quite common. For several years, the labor market has seen a demand for representatives of the profession Physical education teachers despite the fact that a lot of specialists graduate every year.

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What kind of education is needed

Higher professional education

The survey data show that for work in the profession Physical education teachers you must have a diploma of higher professional education in the relevant specialty or in a specialty that allows you to work physical culture teacher(adjacent or similar specialty). Medium vocational education not enough to be physical culture teacher.

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Job responsibilities

The teacher of physical culture conducts lessons, organizes competitions; maintains educational documentation, puts down grades, monitors the progress and attendance of students; participates in the final certification; by order of the administration, replaces the lessons of absent teachers; takes part in the work of pedagogical councils, meetings; on duty during breaks between lessons. school teacher is obliged to observe the rights and freedoms of students (the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education", the Convention on the Rights of the Child), ethical standards of behavior and periodically undergo medical examinations.

Type of labor

Mostly physical labor

As the results of the survey show, the profession Physical education teachers involves mostly physical labor. Physical education teacher must have good physical fitness, high strength endurance and good health.

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Features of career growth

Children are happy to study in sections (for a fee), where there are comfortable conditions, modern equipment and the opportunity to participate in various competitions. Being a coach of a sports school and private sections is an opportunity for representatives of this profession to continue their career profitably.

Career Opportunities

Minimum career opportunities

According to the results of the survey, Physical education teachers have minimal career opportunities. It does not depend on the person at all, just a profession Physical education teachers does not have a career path.

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The site portal is launching a series of articles for those who are going to enter universities, but have not yet decided where and for what specialty. We have prepared materials for universities of various specifications, but we may have overlooked some. In this regard, we appeal to you, dear readers, with a request to write in the comments the directions of universities you are interested in - medical, military, theater and many, many others, and we will definitely take into account your wishes and find the most necessary information for you!

So, let's start with sports universities. They are always popular with young people. However, in order to study in such an institution, it is necessary to be in good health, in addition, some institutions require the presence of a sports category - second or third - depending on the form of education.

Specialties

Sports educational institutions train personnel in two directions - sports and sports and humanitarian: they train coaches, instructors, psychologists, social educators, managers, etc. The specialty of a physical education teacher can be obtained at a pedagogical institute, and it is easier to enter there: the competition is lower and fitness requirements.

The following professions are most in demand among young people:

- coaches of various sports (the most popular are tennis, football, hockey);
- managers of professional sports;
- sports tourism managers;
- specialists in the field of rehabilitation.

Admission conditions

The applicant must have good physical and theoretical training. Before entering, a future student needs to decide on a specialty, undergo a medical examination and submit documents. It’s a little easier to enter by choosing a specialty at the Department of Sports and Humanities, usually the requirements are lower there, since you consciously go not to big-time sports, but to more simplified forms of sports activities.

What is required for admission?

Passport and photo 3x4.
Medical certificate.
Certificate of secondary education (diploma of secondary vocational education).
EGE certificate.
Registration certificate (for men).

If the applicant has sports achievements, then you will need a certificate of the master of sports and an athlete's classification book.

The key to success will be nice results according to the following indicators:

Submission of standards for physical education.
Russian language (certificate of the Unified State Examination).
Biology (certificate of the Unified State Examination).
Theoretical exam in specialization (for certain specialties - physiology, physiotherapy, etc.)

The minimum passing score in physical training is 60, USE results are accounted for on a pass/fail basis. Significantly simplifies the entry procedure if the applicant has sports achievements: masters of sports automatically receive top marks in physical education .

The best sports universities

Most

Soviet students passed the TRP standards and then proudly wore the coveted badge on the lapels of their jackets. And what standards for physical education are passed today in universities? To find out, we went to class at the Belarusian State Technological University.

Save yourself more

There are several gyms here: in one, young men play volleyball, in another, girls have aerobics, and in the third, a group of exercise therapy is engaged. It can be seen that students do not lose steam in physics. At least before the session. After all, absenteeism, if there are a lot of them and without good reason, must be processed. Without passing the standards, they will not set a test, which means they will not be allowed to take exams.

Students are engaged in physical education for four courses, says the head of the department of physical education and sports, doctor pedagogical sciences, Professor Nikolay Filippov:

- At the beginning of the school year - athletics, with the onset of cold weather - team sports and aerobics in the hall, from the second semester - ski training. Then back to the gym - for basketball and aerobics, and from April - to the stadium. For the year it is necessary to fulfill the standards. The students passed the long and short distance running at the stadium in the fall. In December, guys do pull-ups on the bar, and girls do body raises from a prone position.

Girls are not afraid of the "press"

Classmate Yulia Tymchuk helps the future economist Olga Pekar to pass the standard for lifting the body from a supine position: she fixes her legs bent at the knees on the floor. For ten you need to do 65 times.

- Time is not limited, - Olya notices, slightly catching her breath. - It's not hard for me, I trained for three years. Yes, I loved physical education at school. It is important for a girl at any age to keep herself in shape. And for a student, this is a good way to distract from stress: we have a hard study, and sports give the brain a rest.

Diana Savelyeva works out her press together with Maria Matylevich. The girls are confident that they will do an excellent job. However, the ratings do not bother them:

- How many points you get for the standard is not so important, because they don’t give grades in physical education. And this does not affect the scholarship in any way, the main thing is to get a credit. Those who constantly train, go to classes, are not threatened with “tails” in physical fitness.

About the norms of the TRP, which Soviet students once passed, Diana and Maria did not hear. But Olga Pekar saw gold badges from her parents:

- They often remembered how cool and honorable it was to receive them, they showed everyone with pride. I think I would also be able to pass the old norms. At least I would love to try.

The army is ahead, so you have to be strong

On the high bar, Alexei Myakinko easily pulls himself up 20 times. 17 is enough to pass the standard perfectly, but the future process engineer has a sports passion - to do as much as possible:

- AT healthy body- a healthy mind. If you practice from childhood, do not miss classes, the standards are not terrible. Pull ups are mine forte, weak - running for a long distance. But even this can be done better: in the spring I will start running along the embankment. Especially since the second semester of physical education in the fourth year is no longer there.

Stas Golubenko, a 4th-year student of the Faculty of Forestry, hangs on the crossbar and immediately admits that he is not pulling himself up very well. But for offset nine times enough:

Pull-ups are definitely not for me. I like volleyball, football, basketball more. I play for the faculty team. I think that physical standards should be treated philosophically, it turns out - well, it doesn’t work out - it’s okay. Technical skills in team sports are important for a student. In life and work, the ability to play in a team is useful. But the fact that physical education is needed at the university is undeniable. There is still an army ahead, so any of us need to be strong.

Physical education teacher Iosif Khadasevich has been teaching students for over 30 years. He notices that before the guys were stronger and passed the standards better:

“Everything just pulled up. Now they are doing well and excellently the standard of 60 percent. I don’t know what this is connected with. Perhaps food, ecology were different.

Professor Nikolai Filippov disagrees:

– I do not think that current students are weaker than their predecessors. It's more difficult to get a ten now than it used to be a gold badge. In the Soviet Union, in order to develop TRP standards, large-scale Scientific research, tested young people, watched how they perform certain exercises, and only then set the bar. Modern control standards for the physical training of students are tougher compared to the standards that were in effect in the Soviet era, and are not substantiated in any way. For example, for the top ten today, a girl needs to lift her torso 65 times, and for a gold TRP badge, 50 lifts were enough. The young man perfectly needs to pull himself up 17 times. This is a lot, therefore, no more than ten percent of students fulfill such a standard. The Soviet TRP norm was limited to 13 pull-ups for those who wanted to get a gold badge. For the silver guy, it was enough to pull himself up nine times. With running, jumping - the same thing. No one says that everyone should be excellent students, but the standards must be made adequate to the capabilities of young people.

The profession of a physical education teacher only at first glance seems simple and does not require special pedagogical training.

Average salary: 17,000 rubles per month

Demand

Payability

Competition

entry barrier

prospects

In fact, a physical education teacher should not only love sports and children, but also be a first-class teacher-educator, whose main task is to form students' interest in a healthy lifestyle.

A physical education teacher is a teacher who teaches physical education to schoolchildren and develops their skills in independent sports and a healthy lifestyle.

History of the profession

The development of physical strength, endurance and dexterity in boys was given great attention back in Ancient Greece. For classes, the mentors used a complex of sports and military exercises, which they called gymnastics. It included a number of disciplines, such as fisticuffs, running, jumping, chariot racing, etc. In India and China, special exercises were used for health and healing purposes as early as the 4th century BC. Then, in Europe, a rather long period of decline in physical education began, caused by the ideology of bodily asceticism that dominated the Middle Ages.

During the Renaissance (XIV-XVI century) interest in human body and physical exercises was revived, an important role in this was played by the work of the Italian physician Hieronymus Mercurialis “On the Art of Gymnastics”. AT modern form Physical education in school began to be introduced in the 19th century in Great Britain. In Russia, one of the founders of physical education was Peter Lesgaft, who developed the scientific system of specialized education.

The profession of a physical education teacher became truly in demand only in the 20th century, when sports began to be massively introduced in schools. In addition to the UK, much attention was paid to physical education and sports in countries with totalitarian regimes(Italy, Germany, the USSR), since the training of future soldiers was a state task of paramount importance. In the Soviet Union, schools handed over the TRP complex (Ready for Labor and Defense), which, in addition to sports standards, also included the basics of hand-to-hand combat and drill training.

In the 60s of the XX century, the position of a physical education teacher was introduced in all secondary schools, 2 lessons per week were included in the program, eliminating too complex exercises. More attention began to be paid to the responsible attitude of schoolchildren to their health. Now in Russia, due to the general deterioration in the health of the younger generation, the number of physical education lessons has been increased to three per week.

Description of the profession

The physical education teacher is responsible not only to teach, but also to instill in children an interest in independent sports, to form the skills of caring for their health. The main goals of such education are:

general strengthening of the child's body, its hardening;
harmonious development of mental and physical qualities;
ensuring the normal physiological development of the child's body;
improving the performance of children.

The physical education teacher needs to organize the lesson in such a way as to take into account the interests of all children, including those who have limitations for medical reasons. Classes can be held both in the general group and in separate sections. The main types of physical activity in schools are:

athletics (running at different distances, long and high jumps, throwing);
gymnastics (crossbar, bars, horse, rope, balance beam, acrobatics);
team games (football, pioneer ball, volleyball, basketball);
skiing.

Physical education teachers can lead additional circles, groups or sections after school, organize sports competitions and holidays, health days on school grounds or in stadiums. They also motivate students to take part in sports schools, taking into account the interests and abilities of the child.

What specialties are best to study

You can study as a physical education teacher not only at a university, but also at a secondary specialized educational institution. The following specialties are offered in colleges:

Physical Culture;
sports training;
pedagogy additional education in the field of physical culture and health-improving activities.

Universities train teachers in the following areas:

Physical Culture;
physical culture and life safety;
physical culture and health work;
physiotherapy;
sports training technologies, etc.

Many universities offer a diploma in physical education in combination with an additional specialty of choice.

You can enter a college or technical school without exams, it is enough to go through the competition of certificates and pass the standards for physical training directly in the college. To become a student of a higher educational institution, one must submit to the admission committee the results of the USE in Russian, biology, mathematics or social science (depending on the conditions of the university), and also pass an exam in general physical fitness, sometimes on the basics of a healthy lifestyle.

Educational establishments

If there is a desire to quickly start working as a physical education teacher, then you can go to college, where you need to study for 3 years 10 months after grade 9 and 2 years 10 months after grade 11. Medium special sports facilities are located in all regions, for example:

College of Physical Culture and Sports, Economics and Technology of St. Petersburg State University;
Primorsky State School (Technical School) of the Olympic Reserve (Vladivostok);
College of the Olympic reserve. twice Hero Soviet Union A. I. Rodimtseva (Volgograd);
Pedagogical College. N. K. Kalugina (Orenburg);
Sports and Pedagogical College of the Department of Sports and Tourism of the City of Moscow.

Get higher education physical education profile in Russia is also not a problem. , given the scale of the country, not so much - only 25, but in any pedagogical university, physical education teachers are necessarily trained. Pick up educational institution For admission, you can in any region:

Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University. V. P. Astafieva. The university operates the Institute of Physical Culture, Sports and Health. I. S. Yarygina. Here, physical education teachers are taught to work at school, including those with a second specialty “life safety”. There are master's programs related to the study of health-saving technologies.
Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University. Kozma Minin. At the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, in addition to the basic pedagogical education, you can get education in the profiles of "sports training" and "physical rehabilitation". The duration of the full-time course is 4 years, the correspondence course is 5 years. With a SPO diploma, you need to study for 3.5 years, and after graduating from the local school of the Olympic reserve - only 2 years and 7 months.
Kuban State University physical culture, sports and tourism (Krasnodar). At the faculty of adaptive and health-improving physical culture, you can get a diploma in working with people with deviations in health status, as well as in rehabilitation systems. At the Faculty of Physical Education, students can master a coaching or pedagogical specialty.
Russian State Pedagogical University. AI Herzen has in its structure the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports. There is a pedagogical profile, during which the graduate receives the specialty "Physical Education", after which he can work in secondary schools.
Saratov National Research State University N. G. Chernyshevsky teaches physical education teachers at his Institute of Physical Education and Sports. Graduates of this university can teach in schools, extracurricular institutions, as well as youth sports or sports clubs.

Many college graduates start working in their specialty with younger students, and then go to extramural specialized university in order to increase the level of their competence. If after the bachelor's degree you continue your studies in the master's program, then you can get deep knowledge in the technologies of physical education and health improvement, the system of sports training in different types sports. This will allow you to do scientific activity by specialty.

Responsibilities at work

The profession of a teacher of physical culture at school involves the following set of functional duties:

choice of program and educational and methodological support;
conducting lessons taking into account age, physiological and psychological characteristics children;
the use of a variety of methods, methods and techniques of teaching, including individual programs in compliance with the doctor's instructions;
planning educational process (thematic plans on the academic year, quarter and one lesson);
supporting the motivation and development of the abilities of each student;
control of the development of knowledge and skills by schoolchildren, their assessment;
filling out the journal (including electronic);
ensuring the health and life of students during the lesson.

Speaking more in simple words, then the physical teacher must constantly check the health of the equipment, if any breakdowns are detected, fix them on their own or inform the school management about the problem. The most important issue for teachers is the safety of students. The teacher must clearly explain the rules of different sports games, personally demonstrate how one or another exercise should be performed, as well as insure each student during its execution.

What a physical education teacher needs to know:

age anatomy and physiology of boys and girls;
approved programs, recommendations and textbooks in their subject;
basics of school hygiene;
developmental psychology of the child;
methods of teaching each topic;
sports standards for each class, the rules of the main sports games, arbitration skills;
requirements for equipping the gym with equipment;
technologies for a differentiated approach to teaching different students;
ways of localization and resolution of conflict situations;
first aid skills;
regulations fire safety and labor protection.

quality physical education student is impossible without close contact with other teachers and parents. Fizruk should take into account the information received from them when working with a student (inclinations, health characteristics, character traits).

Also, the teacher is obliged to recognize the student's ability to different types of physical activity and motivate him to play sports for more high level in the Youth Sports School.

An important aspect of the work is educational activities. The teacher's task is to inform schoolchildren about the dangers of smoking, alcohol and drugs, opposing them to sports and a healthy lifestyle in all its manifestations (physical activity, proper nutrition, tourism, etc.).

Who suits

The profession of physical education teacher is equally suitable for men and women. You can come to it by receiving a special Teacher Education or completing a sports career and additionally learning the intricacies of the profession.

As for the personal qualities of a physical education teacher, their list is quite extensive:

love for children and adolescents, the ability to get along with them;
sociability, sincerity and goodwill;
diligence and responsibility;
physical and psychological endurance;
sustained attention and the ability to control several processes simultaneously;
observation, intuition and the ability to consider hidden abilities in a child;
honesty and justice;
exactingness and integrity;
the ability to turn an ordinary lesson into an interesting process.

The advantages of the profession include interesting work with children, often in the fresh air, the opportunity to develop and constantly improve their skills. An important detail is the social package and a long vacation in the summer months.

The main disadvantage is the increased responsibility for the life and health of students, since physical education lessons are considered the most traumatic, and recently the facts of schoolchildren's death in the classroom due to poor health have become more frequent. You can also recall the low salary, the difficulties of working in the teaching staff and psycho-emotional overload.

How much do they get

The average salary of a physical education teacher in the country ranges from 15-25 thousand rubles a month. Seniority, skill level, extra hours, classroom guidance, and bonuses may increase these amounts somewhat. The amount of income also depends on the region of residence. So, in Moscow the average salary of a teacher exceeds 50 thousand rubles, in St. Petersburg - 40 thousand rubles. In remote regions, such as the Yamalo-Nenets District, Chukotka, the Khanty-Mansiysk District, the Magadan Region, they can pay more than 70 thousand rubles. However, in villages, small towns and district centers, a physical education teacher receives about 15-20 thousand rubles.

How to build a career

Taking into account the specifics of the work, a teacher of physical culture does not have great prospects directly in a general education school, there are few chances to become a head teacher or director. However, the presence good education, developed professional skills and personal qualities can help in finding additional income or moving to a more promising job.

You can go to a free position in a youth sports or private school. A promising option is employment in a coaching position in a sports club or gym, swimming pool, health center or sanatorium. The opportunity to make a managerial career in physical culture and sports or education departments in local, regional or regional administrations, as well as municipalities, always remains relevant.

If a physical education teacher is not too lazy to take additional courses in one of the modern popular types of fitness (zumba, stretching, aerobics, yoga), then he can recruit a group and practice privately. Another direction for the application of their efforts is individual lessons with children who are lagging behind in physical development and require special training programs.

Prospects for the profession

Although pedagogical universities thousands of physical education teachers graduate every year, the demand in the labor market for representatives of this profession remains consistently high. Thus, if a person loves sports and has a tendency to mess around with children, then he should devote himself to this work, despite all its shortcomings. In addition, good and more profitable prospects will open up for him in related specialties.